不同蛋白质水平的全混合颗粒饲料对断奶驴驹生长发育、血液学指标及血清酶活性的影响  

Effects of Pelleted Total Mixed Rations with Different Protein Levels on Growth and Development,Hematological Indexes and Serum Enzyme Activities of Weaned Donkey Foals

作　　者：张士敏 张桂国 张崇玉 ZHANG Shimin;ZHANG Guiguo;ZHANG Chongyu(Key Laboratory of Animal Biological Engineering and Disease Control in Shangdong Province,College of AnimalScience and Technology,Shandong Agricultural University,Tai’an 271018,China)

机构地区：[1]山东农业大学动物科技学院山东省动物生物工程与疾病防治重点实验室

出　　处：《动物营养学报》2019年第8期3664-3673,共10页CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION

基　　金：山东省现代农业产业技术体系驴创新团队(SDAIT-27);山东省现代农业产业技术体系牧草产业创新团队(SDAIT-23-05);山东省农业重大应用技术创新项目——粮改饲高产高效生产利用模式与关键技术的集成示范;山东省“双一流”奖补资金(SDSYL2016);山东省农业科学院农业科技创新工程(CXGC2017B02)

摘　　要：本试验旨在研究不同蛋白质水平的全混合颗粒饲料对断奶驴驹生长发育、血液学指标和血清酶活性的影响。选取体况良好的5~6月龄、平均体重为(88.21±5.79)kg的驴驹30匹,随机分为3组(每组10匹),分别饲喂消化能水平接近而蛋白质水平分别为12.10%(试验Ⅰ组)、13.95%(试验Ⅱ组)和15.87%(试验Ⅲ组)的3种全混合颗粒饲料。试验期70 d,前10天为适应期,后60天为正试期,其中正试期前31天为试验前期,后29天为试验后期。结果显示:1)试验前期,试验Ⅰ组和试验Ⅲ组的平均日增重显著高于试验Ⅱ组(P<0.05)。试验后期,试验Ⅱ组、试验Ⅲ组的平均日增重和平均日采食量显著高于试验Ⅰ组(P<0.05)。2)试验后期,试验Ⅰ组的体长指数显著高于试验Ⅱ组、试验Ⅲ组(P<0.05);试验Ⅱ组的体躯指数显著高于试验Ⅰ组(P<0.05)。3)试验前期,试验Ⅱ组的淋巴细胞数量和中间细胞数量显著低于试验Ⅰ组、试验Ⅲ组(P<0.05);试验Ⅰ组和试验Ⅱ组的红细胞压积显著高于试验Ⅲ组(P<0.05)。试验后期,试验Ⅰ组的白细胞数量、淋巴细胞数量和中间细胞数量显著高于试验Ⅱ组、试验Ⅲ组(P<0.05);试验Ⅲ组的血红蛋白含量和红细胞压积显著高于试验Ⅰ组(P<0.05)。4)试验前期,试验Ⅰ组、试验Ⅲ组血清谷丙转氨酶和碱性磷酸酶活性显著高于试验Ⅱ组(P<0.05)。试验后期,试验Ⅱ组的血清谷丙转氨酶活性显著高于试验Ⅰ组、试验Ⅲ组(P<0.05);试验Ⅲ组的血清碱性磷酸酶活性显著高于试验Ⅱ组(P<0.05)。由此得出,本试验条件下,12.10%蛋白质水平的全混合颗粒饲料可满足断奶驴驹正常生长与体尺发育的需要,且能维持较高的机体免疫水平及适宜的血清酶活性。The purpose of this experiment was to research the effects of pelleted total mixed rations with different protein levels on growth and development,hematological indexes and serum enzyme activities of weaned donkey foals.Thirty donkey foals aged 5 to 6 months and weighted(88.21±5.79)kg in good condition were selected and randomly divided into three groups(each group had 10 head),and fed three pelleted total mixed rations which had the similar digestible energy level and protein level of 12.10%(trial groupⅠ),13.95%(trial groupⅡ)and 15.87%(trial groupⅢ),respectively.The experimental period was 70 days,the first 10 days was the adaptation period,and the later 60 days was the formal trial period.For the formal trial period,the first 31 days was early trial period,and the latter 29 days was the later trial period.The results showed as follows:1)at the early trial period,the average daily gain of groupsⅠandⅢwas significantly higher than those of groupⅡ(P<0.05).At the later trial period,the average daily gain and average daily feed intake of groupsⅡandⅢwere significantly higher than those of groupⅠ(P<0.05).2)At the later trial period,the body length index of groupⅠwas significantly higher than that of groupsⅡandⅢ(P<0.05);the body structure index of groupⅡwas significantly higher than that of groupⅠ(P<0.05).3)At the early trial period,the lymphocyte number and intermediate cell number of groupⅡwere significantly lower than those of groupsⅠandⅢ(P<0.05);the hematocrit of groups I and II was significantly higher than that of groupⅢ(P<0.05).At the later trial period,the white blood cell number,lymphocyte number and intermediate cell number of group I were significantly higher than that of groupsⅡandⅢ(P<0.05);the hemoglobin content and hematocrit of groupⅢwere significantly higher than those of group I(P<0.05).4)At the early trial period,the activities of alanine aminotransferase and alkaline phosphatase in serum of groupsⅠandⅢwere significantly higher than those in groupⅡ(P<0.0

关 键 词：全混合颗粒饲料 蛋白质水平 断奶驴驹 生长发育 血液学指标 血清酶活性 

分 类 号：S822[农业科学—畜牧学]