覆盖模式对烤烟根系活力及根际土壤理化性状的影响  

Effects of Different Mulching Patterns on Tobacco Toot Activity and Physico-chemical Properties of Rhizosphere Soil

作　　者：王德俊 刀靖东 刘浩[2] 张玉丰 王超[2] 孙康 张发明 李枝桦[2] 林跃平 何晓健[2] 程昌新[2] WANG De-jun;DAO Jing-dong;LIU Hao;ZHANG Yu-feng;WANG Chao;SUN Kang;ZHANG Fa-ming;LI Zhi-hua;LIN Yue-ping;HE Xiao-jian;CHENG Chang-xin(Tobacco Corporation of Yunnan,Baoshan,Yunnan 678000,China;Hongyun Honghe Tobacco (Group) Co. Ltd.,Kunming,Yunnan 650202,China;Technology Center,China Tobacco Yunnan Industrial Co.,Ltd.,Kunming,Yunnan 650231,China)

机构地区：[1]云南省烟草公司保山市公司,云南保山678000 [2]红云红河烟草(集团)有限责任公司,云南昆明650202 [3]云南中烟工业有限责任公司技术中心,云南昆明650231

出　　处：《山地农业生物学报》2019年第4期19-23,共5页Journal of Mountain Agriculture and Biology

基　　金：中国烟草总公司重庆市公司项目“云烟品牌导向型生态优质烟叶生产技术模式构建研究与推广”(NY20140401070010);红云红河集团项目“云烟保山基地高端原料定制化生产综合技术研究及应用”

摘　　要：本文分析了不同覆盖模式对烤烟根系活力及植烟土壤理化性状的影响,结果表明:(1)不同覆盖模式对烤烟根系活力影响均表现为先升高后逐渐下降的趋势,在移栽后60d,各处理根系活力达到峰值,T4处理(旺长期揭膜+培土+覆盖稻草)的根系活力最高,为256.35μg/g·h;(2)根际土壤蔗糖酶活性呈先升高后下降趋势,其活性大小表现为T4>T3>T2>T1处理,烟株在旺长期间,T4处理土壤蔗糖酶活性最高,达到5.53mL/g·d,比对照增加28.01%;(3)根际土壤过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性呈现团棵至旺长期升高,旺长至封顶期降低的趋势。T2处理(全生长期覆盖地膜)的根际土壤CAT活性在烤烟生长的团棵期、旺长期最大,在封顶期,T4处理根际土壤的CAT活性最大;(4)秸秆覆盖能在一定程度上提高植烟垄体含水量和温度、土壤孔隙度、土壤有机质,略微降低土壤容重和土壤pH值,说明秸秆覆盖能改善土壤理化性状。The effect of different mulching patterns on the root activity of flue-cured tobacco and the physical and chemical properties of rhizosphere soil were studied.The results showed that:(1)root activity of flue-cured tobacco followed the same trend that it increased firstly and then decreased gradually across different treatments.The tobacco root activity of all treatments reached their peak at 60 days after transplantation and T4(removing film and earthing up on the ridges as well as straw mulching during the blooming stage)recorded the highest root activity which was 256.35μg/g·h;(2)the sucrase activity in rhizosphere soil increased firstly and then decreased in the whole growth period and the order for sucrase activity was as follows:T4>T3>T2>T1.During the blooming stage,the sucrase activity under T4 was the highest which reached 5.53 mL/g·d,increased by 28.01%compared with the control group;(3)catalase activity of rhizosphere soil increased from resettling stage to blooming stage and decreased from blooming stage to top-cutting time.Catalase activity in the rhizosphere soil under T2(mulching film in the whole growth period)was highest during resettling stage and blooming stage while T4 had the highest catalase activity in top-cutting time;(4)straw mulching could improve the soil moisture content,temperature,soil porosity and soil organic matter of tobacco planting ridge to a certain extent and slightly reduce the soil bulk density and soil pH value,which indicated that soil physical and chemical properties could be improved by straw mulching.

关 键 词：烤烟 根际土壤 根系活力 覆盖模式 理化性状 

分 类 号：S-3[农业科学]