芜湖市2013—2017年新报告HIV/AIDS病例晚发现状况及影响因素分析  

Status and influencing factors on late diagnosis of HIV/AIDS among newly identified cases in Wuhu city from 2013 to 2017

作　　者：张正红[1] 方艳姣[1] 豆正东[1] 厉玉莹 成国明[1] 张敏[1] ZHANG Zhenghong;FANG Yanjiao;DOU Zhengdong;LI Yuying;CHENG Guoming;ZHANG Min(Wuhu Center for Disease Prevention and Control,Wuhu 241000,Anhui,China)

机构地区：[1]芜湖市疾病预防控制中心

出　　处：《中国艾滋病性病》2019年第7期702-705,共4页Chinese Journal of Aids & STD

摘　　要：目的分析芜湖市2013-2017年新报告艾滋病病毒(HIV)感染者/艾滋病(AIDS)病人(简称HIV/AIDS病人)晚发现状况及影响因素,为促进病例的早期发现提供依据。方法对艾滋病综合防治信息系统收集的2013-2017年新报告HIV/AIDS病例资料,运用SPSS 19.0软件分析病例的晚发现状况及影响因素。结果 2013-2017年芜湖市新报告HIV/AIDS病例730例,病例晚发现率分别为45.7%、42.9%、35.5%、35.7%、25.3%,呈线性下降趋势(χ趋势^2=14.523,P<0.001)。大年龄、低文化、农民、样本来源医疗机构病例的晚发现率高,未婚、经同性性传播病例的晚发现率低(P<0.05)。多因素Logistics回归分析发现,样本来源医疗机构病例的晚发现危险性是样本来源检测咨询者的2.753倍[95%可信区间(CI):1.877~4.037],初中文化病例晚发现危险性是大专及以上者的1.968倍(95%CI:1.207~3.208),2017年病例晚发现危险性较2013年下降62.0%[调整比值比(AOR)=0.380,95%CI:0.216~0.668]。结论芜湖市2013-2017年病例的晚发现率较高,来源医疗机构、经异性性传播、初中文化病例的晚发现率高,需进一步加大对年轻无症状者、低文化者的主动检测力度,探索经异性性传播人群的检测策略,以促进病例的早期发现。Objective To analyze the late diagnosis(LD) of HIV/AIDS and influencing factors among newly identified cases in Wuhu city from 2013 to 2017. Methods Newly identified HIV/AIDS cases were collected from the National HIV/AIDS comprehensive information system. Software of SPSS 19.0 was applied to analyze the rates of LD between different indicators and influencing factors. Results The rates of LD were 45.7%, 42.9%, 35.5%, 35.7%, 25.3% from 2013 to 2017, respectively, with a decreasing trends(χtrends^2=14.523,P<0.001). The elder, cases with lower level of education, peasants, and cases from hospital got higher rates of LD, while lower rates were found among unmarried cases and cases reported as homosexual transmission. Multivariate logistic regression showed that cases from hospitals was risky factor of LD compared with those from voluntary counseling and testing clinics(AOR=2.753, 95%CI: 1.877-4.037). Cases with the education level of junior high school got higher risk of LD than the ones with college degree or above(AOR=1.968, 95%CI: 1.207-3.208). Risks of LD decreased by 62.0% in 2017 compared with that in 2013(AOR=0.380, 95%CI: 0.216-0.668). Conclusion The LD rates are relatively high from 2013 to 2017 in Wuhu city, especially among the cases from clinical institutions, who are mainly infected through heterosexual transmission, with the education level of junior high school. HIV testing should be scaled up among the youth without symptoms, and those with lower education level to enhance early diagnosis of HIV/AIDS.

关 键 词：艾滋病 晚发现 影响因素 

分 类 号：R373.9[医药卫生—病原生物学]