两种补充试验在艾滋病诊断中的应用分析  

Application of two supplementary tests in AIDS diagnosis

作　　者：朱晓娟[1] 查赟峰[1] 吴晓芳[1] 徐德顺[1] 沈月华[1] ZHU Xiaojuan;ZHA Yunfen;WU Xiaofang;XU Deshun;SHEN Yuehua(Huzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Huzhou 313000,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江省湖州市疾病预防控制中心

出　　处：《中国艾滋病性病》2019年第7期722-724,共3页Chinese Journal of Aids & STD

摘　　要：目的探讨两种补充试验在艾滋病诊断中的应用价值。方法对98例艾滋病诊断疑难病例进行3周随访检测蛋白印迹试验(WB)和1周病毒载量(VL)检测,比较两种检测方法对疑难病例的诊断效果。结果 98例艾滋病诊断疑难病例中,3周WB阳转数为26例(26.5%),而1周内VL>5 000拷贝/mL判阳数为50例(50.1%),且26例的VL结果均>5 000拷贝/mL,其中6种带型的VL阳转率均比WB阳转率高,VL能更早地做出诊断。另外1例四代初筛阳性三代初筛阴性,WB无特性条带的病例在1周内检测VL,结果即可判断阳性。结论病毒载量检测能对艾滋病疑难样本做出快速有效的诊断,也能对非特异性反应做出准确的鉴别。研究建议筛查阳性标本先进行WB检测,遇疑难样本立即采集血浆检测病毒载量,两种补充实验互相补充,即可达到快速有效诊断又可减轻实验成本。Objective To explore the application value of two supplementary tests for AIDS diagnosis. Methods 98 cases of AIDS were followed up for 3 weeks to detect WB and 1 week viral load, and the diagnostic effects of the two methods were compared. Results Among 98 cases of AIDS difficult to diagnose, WB positive revolution was 26 cases(26.5%) in 3 weeks, while VL>5 000 cps/ml positive number was 50(50.1%) cases in 1 week, and the VL results of 26 cases were all >5 000 cops/ml, among which the VL positive conversion rates of the 6 types of bands were higher than those of the others. WB positive conversion rate was high and could be diagnosed earlier. In addition, 1 case was positive in the fourth generation and negative in the third generation, and WB had no characteristic band. The patient was tested VL within 1 week and the result was positive. Conclusion Viral load test can make a rapid and effective diagnosis of difficult samples of AIDS, and can also accurately identify non-specific reactions. It is suggested that WB test should be carried out for screening positive samples. Plasma should be collected immediately to test viral load in case of the samples difficult to diagnose, and the two experiments complement each other, so as to achieve rapid and effective diagnosis and reduce the experimental cost.

关 键 词：艾滋病 疑难病例 免疫印迹试验 病毒载量 

分 类 号：R512.91[医药卫生—内科学] R373.9[医药卫生—临床医学]