基于协同改造理念的城市雨洪削减效果模拟研究  

Simulation study on urban stormwater reduction effect based on synergistic transformation concept

作　　者：李静思[1] 李山[1] 李智录[1] 贾忠华 罗纨 许青 LI Jingsi;LI Shan;LI Zhilu;JIA Zhonghua;LUO Wan;XU Qing(State Key Laboratory of Eco-hydraulics in Northwest Arid Region,Xi’an University of Technology,Xi’an 710048,China;School of Hydraulic,Energy and Power Engineering,Yangzhou University,Yangzhou 225009,China)

机构地区：[1]西安理工大学陕西省西北旱区生态水利工程重点实验室,陕西西安710048 [2]扬州大学水利与能源动力工程学院,江苏扬州225009

出　　处：《自然灾害学报》2019年第4期79-89,共11页Journal of Natural Disasters

基　　金：陕西省教育厅自然科学专项(18JK0573)~~

摘　　要：城市雨洪汇流单元的雨水处理能力因下垫面条件和土地利用类型的分布存在明显差异,将局部区域内雨洪处理能力较强单元与雨洪处理能力较弱单元进行协同改造使其具有水力连通性,有助于海绵城市建设的推进与优化。根据这一理念,采用SWMM模型,以西安市某辖区为例,模拟分析了不同降雨频率下汇流单元协同改造的效果。结果表明:通过汇流单元协同作用,可有效减少1年一遇、2年一遇、5年一遇和10年一遇降雨频率下的雨洪处理能力较弱单元的面积;径流洪峰得到了削减,径流总量降低,区域整体径流系数减小;协同改造可有效减少LID(Low Impact Development)调蓄容积,4种降雨频率下减少比例分别为19.34%、14.31%、13.73%和10.05%。在以中小降雨为主的城市地区通过法律制度、工程措施与经济手段实现协同改造可显著减小洪峰洪量与蓄滞容积,进而减小LID措施建设规模,辅助LID措施共同调洪,具有较强的适用性和良好的应用前景。The rainwater treatment capacity of the urban rainwater confluence unit differs significantly in accordance with the distribution of the underlying surface conditions and the type of land use. It is advantages for the promotion and optimization of the construction of the sponge city to reconstruct the strong and weak rainwater treatment units with hydraulic connectivity in the local area. Based on the fundamental concept, the SWMM model is adopted to simulate and analyze the synergistic transformation of units in different rainfall levels with an example of Xi’an. The results show that the area of weak rainwater treatment capacity can be effectively reduced by the synergy of the confluence unit concretely in the first-year, two-year, five-year, and 10-year rainfall frequencies. The runoff peak has been cut down, the total runoff declined, and the overall runoff coefficient afterwards deceased. The LID (Low Impact Development) storage volume could be effectively reduced with the synergistic transformation and the proportions are 19.34%, 14.31%, 13.73%, and 10.05% respectively under the four rainfall frequencies. In the urban areas dominated by small and medium-sized rainfall, the flood peak volume and stagnation volume can be significantly reduced with coordinated transformation achieved by the legal system, engineering measures and economic means, thereby lessening the scale of LID measures and assisting it to jointly regulate floods, which has better applicability and outstanding application prospects.

关 键 词：汇流单元 协同改造 海绵城市 SWMM模型 LID措施 

分 类 号：X523[环境科学与工程—环境工程] X9