武川地区春玉米生长季水热资源和安全播期变化特征  

Variation Characteristics of Hydrothermal Resources and Safe Sowing date in spring maize growing season in Wuchuan area

作　　者：王潇潇[1] 潘学标[1] 陈燕丽 胡莉婷[1] 魏培[1] 赵海涵[1] Wang Xiaoxiao;Pan Xuebao;Chen Yanli;Hu Liting;Wei Pei;Zhao Haihan(College of Resources and Environment,China Agricultural University,Beijing 100193;Guangxi Institute of Meteorological Sciences,Nanning 530022)

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学资源与环境学院,北京100193 [2]广西壮族自治区气象科学研究所,南宁530022

出　　处：《气象研究与应用》2019年第2期68-72,共5页Journal of Meteorological Research and Application

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目课题（编号2017YFD0300300）;广西气象局科研计划项目（桂气科201705）;广西科技厅面上项目（2018GXNSFAA281338）;广西科技厅研发项目（桂科攻AB17292051)

摘　　要：气候变化背景下我国玉米种植界限北移且气象灾害频发。为给内蒙古武川地区在合理调整品种布局和优化利用农业气候资源上提供科学参考,本研究利用武川地区1961-2018年逐日气象观测数据,对该地区春玉米生长季水热资源和安全播期变化特征进行分析。研究结果表明:武川地区稳定通过10℃的持续日数为99~156d,≥10℃的活动积温值为2051.4℃·d,并以66.0℃·d·(10a)^-1的速率显著增加,5、9月活动积温稳定性较差。春玉米始播期显著提前、最迟播期显著推迟,各年代可播种成熟的年份数增加。全生长季降水量为299.8mm,5月降水量年际波动较大,8月降水量显著减少。玉米全生长季中旱灾达到"十年七旱",8月干旱灾害不断加重。Under the background of climate change, China's corn planting boundaries have moved northward and meteorological disasters have occurred move frequently.In order to provide a scientific reference for rationally adjusting the variety layout and optimizing the utilization of agricultural climate resources in Wuchuan, Inner Mongolia, this study used the daily meteorological observation data of 1961-2018 in Wuchuan area to research the variation characteristics of hydrothermal resources and safe sowing date of the spring maize growing season.The results show that the stable duration at 10℃ in Wuchuan area is between 99 and 156 days, and the active accumulated temperature (≥ 10℃) is 2051.4℃·d, which increases significantly at the rate of 66.0℃·d·(10a)^-1;the stability of active accumulated temperature in May and September is not ideal.The initial sowing date of spring maize is significantly advanced while the latest sowing date is significantly delayed, and the number of years in which sowing maturity in each decade increases. The precipitation in the whole growing season is 299.8mm. The precipitation in May fluctuates greatly, and the precipitation in August decreases significantly. The drought disaster in the whole growing season of maize has reached "seven droughts in ten years", and the drought disaster has been aggravated continuously in August.

关 键 词：气候变化 水热资源 玉米 灾害 

分 类 号：P467[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]