高温高压合成钻石晶体表面微形貌观察及其成因探讨  

Observation of Surface Microstructure of HPHT Synthetic Diamond Crystals and Genesis Discussion

作　　者：吴旭旭 陆太进 杨池玉 张健 唐诗 陈华 张勇 柯捷 何明跃[2] WU Xu-xu;LU Tai-jin;YANG Chi-yu;ZHANG Jian;TANG Shi;CHEN Hua;ZHANG Yong;KE Jie;HE Ming-yue(Research Institute of Beijing, National Gems & Jewelry Technology Administrative Center,Ministry of Natural Resources,Beijing 100013,China;School of Gemmology,China University of Geosciences(Beijing),Beijing 100083,China)

机构地区：[1]自然资源部珠宝玉石首饰管理中心北京研究所,北京100013 [2]中国地质大学(北京)珠宝学院,北京100083

出　　处：《岩矿测试》2019年第4期411-417,共7页Rock and Mineral Analysis

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41473030,41272086)

摘　　要：我国作为世界上最大的合成钻石生产国,其产量占据世界总产量的90%以上,其中以高温高压法(HPHT)合成钻石为主。国内外学者对于HPHT合成钻石物性的测试方法和性质分析较为完备,但是对HPHT合成钻石生长完成后的酸洗过程以及酸洗后留下的内外部微形貌亟待研究。本文采用激光共聚焦显微镜和超景深三维显微镜对118粒产自我国的HPHT合成钻石进行内外部特征观察,并配合激光拉曼光谱仪对这些微细结构内的包裹残余进行定性分析。发现了三类特征的结构类型:成一定夹角的阶梯型生长结构,揭示了HPHT合成钻石聚型晶的结晶学特质;近平行线状划痕,反映了生长腔体内钻石晶粒间的接触关系;通过独特的"绳捆纹"结构进行观察和分析,认为这一结构反映了HPHT合成钻石的生长速率。这些钻石表面的微形貌反映了HPHT合成钻石梯度高温和持续高压的生长条件和环境,对于HPHT合成钻石的鉴别具有指导意义。BACKGROUND: As the world's largest producer of synthetic diamonds,China accounts for more than 90% of the world's total production,of which high pressure-high temperature( HPHT) synthetic diamonds are dominant.Previous scholars have conducted many studies on analytical methods and property analysis of HPHT synthetic diamonds. However,the research on the pickling process after the growth of HPHT synthetic diamonds and the internal and external micro-structures after pickling is still insufficient.OBJECTIVES: To characterize 118 synthetic diamonds produced in China by high temperature and high pressure method.METHODS: The HPHT synthetic diamonds were observed by laser scanning confocal microscopy( LSCM) and ultra-depth-of-field 3 D microscopy,and the dark inclusions in these micro-structures were qualitatively analyzed by laser Raman spectroscopy.RESULTS: Three structure types were found. Step-like growth structures with certain angles revealed the crystallographic characteristics of HPHT synthetic diamond poly-crystals. Near-parallel linear scratches reflected the contact relationship between diamond grains in the growth chamber. The ‘rope-tied'structures reflected the growth rate of HPHT synthetic diamonds.CONCLUSIONS: The micromorphology of these diamond surfaces reflects the growth conditions and environment of HPHT synthetic diamond gradient high temperature and continuous high pressure,which is of significance for the identification of HPHT synthetic diamonds.

关 键 词：合成钻石 高温高压 表面微细特征 激光共聚焦显微镜 晶体生长速率 

分 类 号：P575.2[天文地球—矿物学]