水下湿法手工自蔓延焊接技术  

Research on underwater wet manual SHS welding

作　　者：韩凤起 李志尊 孙立明 马云鹤 申超 HAN Fengqi;LI Zhizun;SUN Liming;MA Yunhe;SHEN Chao(Shijiazhuang Tiedao University,Shijiazhuang 050043,China;Army Engineering University,Shijiazhuang 050003,China)

机构地区：[1]石家庄铁道大学,石家庄050043 [2]陆军工程大学(石家庄校区),石家庄050003

出　　处：《焊接学报》2019年第7期149-155,I0008,I0009,共9页Transactions of The China Welding Institution

摘　　要：基于自蔓延高温合成技术(SHS技术)和湿法电弧焊原理,研究了一种用于水下金属结构应急维修的新型焊接方法—水下湿法手工自蔓延焊接技术.通过焊条结构设计、焊药设计等,研制了水下燃烧型焊条,进行了焊接试验,对接头组织和性能进行了分析.结果表明,该技术可在无电、无气、无其它设备的条件下实现水下金属构件的湿法焊接,单面焊双面成形,接头抗拉强度达267MPa,冲击吸收能量13.8J;SEM和EDS分析表明,焊缝金属为以α-Cu固溶体为基体、有大量块状富铁第二相析出的高铁铜合金,熔合区的成分和组织与焊缝第二相基本相同,焊缝合金与熔融母材交互结晶,形成了梯度熔焊连接;拉伸断裂发生在焊缝或熔合区,断口有大量韧窝,属韧性断裂.Based on self-propagation high-temperature synthesis technology (SHS technology) and principle of underwater wet electric-arc welding,a new wet manual SHS welding is proposed and investigated.It could be used in rapid repairing underwater metal structures.The rod and coating of electrode was developed for underwater welding.The welding was performed and microstructure and properties of the welding joint were tested.The results show that underwater metal structures could be welded successfully with this welding method on the condition of no electric,no gas and no other equipment.Welded joints,which were one-side welded with back formation,were obtained and the tension strength reached 267 MPa,the impact energy was 13.8 J.SEM and EDS revealed that the weld metal was composed of matrix of α-Cu solid solution and massive second phase enriched with Fe precipitates.The epitaxial nucleation was found between base metal and weld metal,which formed gradient fusion welding.The tensile fracture occurred at weld metal or fusion zone.There were a great number of dimples in the fracture,which confirmed that the fracture is the mode of ductile fracture.

关 键 词：手工自蔓延焊接 水下湿法焊接 应急维修 燃烧型焊条 组织与性能 

分 类 号：TG456.5[金属学及工艺—焊接]