基于PLC的飞机结构件变夹紧力柔性夹具研究  

Research on variable clamping flexible fixtures of aircraft structural parts based on PLC

作　　者：高升 王细洋[2] 张昆仑[2] 黄琦 于海军 GAO Sheng;WANG Xiyang;ZHANG Kunlun;HUANG Qi;YU Haijun(College of Aeronautical Manufacturing Engineering,Nanchang University of Aviation,Nanchang 330063,CHN;College of Aircraft Engineering,Nanchang University of Aviation,Nanchang 330063,CHN)

机构地区：[1]南昌航空大学航空制造工程学院,江西南昌330063 [2]南昌航空大学飞行器工程学院,江西南昌330063

出　　处：《制造技术与机床》2019年第9期147-151,共5页Manufacturing Technology & Machine Tool

基　　金：武装预研基金“某飞机结构件智能夹具设计方法”(AA201506033)

摘　　要：针对飞机结构件高速数控铣削加工的装夹问题,提出了一种自动化水平较高、夹紧力可控的柔性夹具方案。详细论述了该夹具系统的组成结构、工作原理以及控制程序。利用传感器检测、相关电磁阀组件以及PLC控制,实现结构件装夹的自动定位和可靠夹紧。采用ANSYS分析结构件受力状态,确定最优夹紧力,结合PLC中PID控制模块和高速空气开关,实现气动控制中目标夹紧力的在线控制。解决了结构件因夹紧力过大使得工件变形的问题,提升了夹具装备的自动化和柔性程度。Aiming at the clamping problem of high-speed CNC milling processing of aircraft structural parts,a flexible fixture scheme with high automation level and controllable clamping force is proposed.The structure,working principle and control program of the fixture system are discussed in detail.Using sensor detection,related solenoid valve components and PLC control,automatic positioning and reliable clamping of structural components are achieved.ANSYS is used to analyze the stress state of the structure,determine the optimal clamping force and combine the PID control module in the PLC and high-speed air switch to achieve the target clamping force online control in the pneumatic control.It can solve the problem of deforming the workpiece due to the excessive clamping force of the structural component,and improve the automation and flexibility of the fixture,which provides an effective reference for the application of the pneumatic control fixture in the aviation field.

关 键 词：飞机结构件 PLC ANSYS 自动化 夹紧力控制 

分 类 号：TH16[机械工程—机械制造及自动化]