基于气候分析的城市通风系统构建方法初探——以厦门市为例  

Preliminary Study on Construction Method of Urban Ventilation System Based on Climate Analysis——A Case of Xiamen

作　　者：刘姝宇[1] 余波[1] 宋代风[1] 王绍森[1] 吴滨[2] Liu Shuyu;Yu Bo;Song Daifeng;Wang shaosen;Wu Bin(School of Architecture and Civil Engineering,Xiamen University,Xiamen Fujian 361000,China;Fujian Climate Center,Fuzhou Fujian 350001,China)

机构地区：[1]厦门大学建筑与土木工程学院,福建厦门361000 [2]福建省气候中心,福建福州350001

出　　处：《城市建筑》2019年第13期61-66,共6页Urbanism and Architecture

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目（51408516）;福建省自然科学基金计划资助项目（2019J01007）;厦门市科技计划项目（XJK2017-1-11）

摘　　要：在城市气候问题持续恶化与精细化城市管理背景下,对城市通风系统构建方法的辨析与思考将为复杂条件下的城市通风廊道建设提供重要前提。本文基于地理信息汇总与气候分析开展补偿空间与可利用风资源识别,通过卫星遥感数据与气象观测数据耦合进行作用空间识别,运用Rhino、Grasshopper工具与GIS技术,采用最小成本路径分析法获取潜在的城市通风路径,综合考虑系统风、海陆风、逆温的影响,进行通风条件评估与廊道边界界定,进而推导城市通风廊道的形态,获取通风廊道各片段差异化、具体化的设计导则。实证表明,在问题解决与成本控制导向下,以气候分析为基础的城市通风系统构建方法有助于城市通风廊道建设思路优化与技术升级。Under the background of the deterioration of urban climate issues and refinement of urban management, urban ventilation system establishing approaches guided by climate analysis are set up to clarify the misunderstanding in the method of identifying urban ventilation channels. Based on collection of geographic information and analysis of climate data, available wind resource and compensation area were identified. Effect area were recognized based on coupling between satellite remote sensing images and meteorological observation data. By using Rhino Grasshopper and GIS, potential urban ventilation paths were grabbed through least cost path analysis method. Impact of prevailing wind, sea-land breeze and temperature inversion was comprehensively considered to evaluate ventilation condition and set corridor boundary. Subsequently, the morphology of urban ventilation channel may be derived so as to generate specific differentiated planning guidelines. The case of Xiamen demonstrates that urban ventilation system established on the principle of problems-solving and cost-control based on localized climate analysis can be used to optimize the idea and upgrade the technology of urban ventilation corridor planning.

关 键 词：气候分析 城市通风系统 城市通风廊道 厦门 

分 类 号：TU14[建筑科学—建筑理论]