周口市中心城区2014年-2016年7189例狂犬病暴露者的流行病学调查  

Epidemiological investigation of 7 189 cases of rabies in downtown of Zhoukou City during 2014-2016

作　　者：李莲萍[1] LI Lian-ping(Zhoukou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Zhoukou, Henan 466000, China)

机构地区：[1]周口市疾病预防控制中心

出　　处：《中国卫生检验杂志》2019年第14期1773-1775,共3页Chinese Journal of Health Laboratory Technology

摘　　要：目的了解2014年-2016年周口市中心城区狂犬病暴露者流行病学特征,分析原因和影响因素,为预防和控制狂犬病提供依据。方法对狂犬病暴露者的相关资料进行回顾性分析。结果 2014年-2016年周口市中心城区一接种门诊共接种暴露者7 189例,其中男性4 398人,女性2 791人,男女比例为1. 58∶1。受伤以0岁~14岁年龄组最多,占37. 57%,其次是30岁~49岁组占19. 00%。8月份的暴露率最高,占15. 40%,12月最少,占3. 77%。下肢受伤的暴露者居多,占50. 27%;其次为上肢,占37. 76%。暴露级别以Ⅱ级为主,占76. 80%。在伤后24 h内注射狂犬病疫苗者占93. 49%。暴露者中主要是犬致伤的,占82. 51%。结论针对2014年-2016年周口市中心城区狂犬病暴露人群较多,应采取相应预防控制措施,同时要加强健康教育和犬类管理,降低狂犬病的发病率。Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of rabies exposed in downtown of Zhoukou City during 2014-2016,and to analyze the causes and influencing factors,so as to provide basis for the prevention and control of rabies.Methods The data of rabies were retrospectively analyzed. Results A total of 7 189 rabies underwent vaccination in a vaccination clinic in downtown of Zhoukou City from 2014 to 2016,including 4 398 males and 2 791 females,and the ratio of male to female was 1. 58∶1. The injury was mainly within 0-14 years old group,accounting for 37. 57%,followed by 30-49 year old group,accounting for 19. 00%. The highest exposure rate was observed in August,accounting for 15. 40%,and the lowest was observed in December,accounting for 3. 77%. Most of the patients with lower limb injury were 50. 27%,followed by upper limbs,accounting for 37. 76%. The exposure was at level Ⅱ,accounting for 76. 80%. Rabies vaccine was 93. 49% in 24 h after injury. Dog bites were the main cause,accounting for 82. 51%. Conclusion In view of the fact that the number of people exposed to rabies in the downtown area of Zhoukou was severe during 2014-2016,preventive and control measures should be taken.

关 键 词：狂犬病 流行病学 调查分析 

分 类 号：R186[医药卫生—流行病学]