2017年-2018年浙江省嘉善县病毒性腹泻病原分布与流行特征分析  

Analysis of pathogen distribution and epidemiological characteristics of viral diarrhea during 2017-2018 in Jiashan,Zhejiang Province

作　　者：袁永娟[1] 陈云[1] 李娜[2] 朱建民[1] 凌勤芳[1] YUAN Yong-juan;CHEN Yun;LI Na;ZHU Jian-min;LING Qin-fang(Jiashan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Jiashan, Zhejiang 314100, China)

机构地区：[1]嘉善县疾病预防控制中心,浙江嘉善314100 [2]浙江省疾病预防控制中心,浙江杭州310051

出　　处：《中国卫生检验杂志》2019年第14期1776-1778,1787,共4页Chinese Journal of Health Laboratory Technology

摘　　要：目的了解嘉善县病毒性腹泻病原谱及流行特征,为感染性腹泻的防控提供参考依据。方法收集2017年2月-2018年1月在嘉善县第一人民医院肠道门诊就诊急性腹泻患者的粪便标本;采用实时荧光RT-PCR法检测标本中诺如病毒Ⅰ型(NVGⅠ)、诺如病毒Ⅱ型(NVGⅡ)、星状病毒(Ast V)和轮状病毒(RV)核酸,并对检测结果进行描述流行病学分析。结果检测粪便标本共388份,肠道病毒总阳性率为43. 56%。NVⅡ型阳性率最高(34. 79%),其次是RV(12. 11%),混合感染率为5. 15%(NVⅡ型和RV混合感染为主,90. 00%)。流行病学资料显示,病毒性腹泻在6个月~3岁年龄组人群中阳性率最高(66. 67%),混合感染主要人群<1岁年龄组(75. 00%)。NV和RV感染有明显的季节特征,以寒冷季节高发,尤其是12月和1月。结论 NVGⅡ型是嘉善县2017年-2018年病毒性腹泻的优势病原体,各年龄段都可感染,幼儿阶段是主要感染人群,季节性明显,应加强冬春季病毒性腹泻疾病的监测。Objective To learn the pathogen spectrum and epidemiological characteristics of viral diarrhea in Jiashan County,so as to provide solid basis for the prevention and control of infectious diarrhea. Methods Stool specimens were collected from patients with acute diarrhea in the intestine clinic of the First People’s Hospital of Jiashan from February,2017 to January,2018;Norovirus GⅠ,GⅡ( NVGⅠ,NVGⅡ),Astrovirus( Ast V) and Rotavirus( RV) were detected by real-time fluorescent RT-PCR method,and then the etiological results and patient information were statistically analyzed. Results A total of 388 stool specimens were collected and the positive rate of enterovirus was 43. 56%. The positive rate of NVⅡ was the highest( 34. 79%),followed by RV( 12. 11%),and the mixed infection rate was 5. 15%( mainly mixed with NVⅡ and RV,90. 00%). Epidemiological data showed viral diarrhea was the most positive in the 6 M-3 age group( 66. 67%). The main population of mixed infections was < 1 year old( 75. 00%). NV and RV infections have distinct seasonal characteristics and are highly prevalent in cold seasons,especially in December and January. Conclusion NVGⅡ is the dominant pathogen of viral diarrhea in Jiashan County from 2017 to 2018. All ages can be infected with obvious seasonality,especially in childhood. It should strengthen the monitoring of viral diarrhea in winter and spring.

关 键 词：病毒性腹泻 流行特征 诺如病毒 

分 类 号：R512.5[医药卫生—内科学]