空化水射流倒空弹药装药的试验研究及数值模拟  

Experimental Study and Numerical Simulation on Emptying Explosive of Ammunition with Cavitation Water Jet

作　　者：张幺玄[1] 陈松[1] 廉鹏[1] 康超[1] 雷靖华 范鑫辰 罗志龙[1] ZHANG Yao-xuan;CHEN Song;LIAN Peng;KANG Chao;LEI Jing-hua;FAN Xin-chen;LUO Zhi-long(Xi'an Modern Chemistry Research Institute,Xi'an 710065,China;China Ordnance Industry Institute of Experiment and Test,Huayin Shaanxi 714200,China)

机构地区：[1]西安近代化学研究所,陕西西安710065 [2]中国兵器工业试验测试研究院,陕西华阴714200

出　　处：《火炸药学报》2019年第4期415-420,共6页Chinese Journal of Explosives & Propellants

基　　金：总装预研共用技术项目(No.4140404XXX)

摘　　要：为解决报废弹药倒空问题,开展了空化水射流倒空弹药装药的试验和数值模拟研究;探讨了空化水射流对装药的作用机理和倒药主装置关键技术,在空化水射流倒药装置上对钝黑铝装药(A-IX-II)进行倒空试验,建立了单喷嘴空化水射流倒药简化物理模型,模拟得到空化水射流流场分布和装药力学响应情况。结果表明,宏观水射流和空化泡微观水射流共同促进弹药倒空过程;空化水射流技术能够在15~30min内干净倒空76~155mm口径的钝黑铝装药,倒出装药粒径平均大小为1~2cm,最大粒径不超过4cm,试验稳定性好;空化水射流速度和压力分布遵循伯努利定律,最大速度可达数百米每秒,发生在空化喷嘴收缩段;空化泡在装药表面受力失衡发生空化作用可有效侵蚀破碎装药;装药侵蚀破碎主要发生在射流与装药接触区域,多喷嘴喷头倒药会在装药表面形成多个同心环形蚀坑带。In order to solve the problem of emptying explosive, the experimental study and simulation analysis on emptying explosive of condemned ammunition with cavitation water jet are investigated.The mechanism and key technology of cavitation water jet emptying explosive are explained and discussed.The experiments for emptying A-IX-II explosive are carried out on a cavitation water jet device, and the simplified physical model of single-nozzel cavitation water jet emptying explosive is established to numerically simulate the flow distribution of cavitation water jet and the mechanical response of simulation explosive.The results show that both macroscopic high speed water jet and microscopic water jet caused by cavitation contribute to the emptying process of explosive ammunition.Cavitation water jet can empty the A-IX-II explosive of 76-155 caliber cleanly in 15-30 minutes with a preferable test stability, and the average diameter of A-IX-II explosive debris is 1-2 cm with the maximum size no more than 4 cm .The distributions of velocity and pressure of cavitation water jet follow Bernoulli’s law, and the maximum velocity can reach to hundreds of meters per second at the contraction section of cavitation nozzle.The cavitation casused by the force unbalance of cavitation bubbles on the surface of explosive ammunition can erode and break explosive effectively.The explosive broken occurs mainly on the contact surfaces of cavitation water jet and explosive.Multi-nozzle will form multiple concentrically annular etch pit zones on the surface of explosive of ammunition.

关 键 词：应用化学 空化水射流 报废弹药 倒空装药 数值模拟 钝黑铝炸药 

分 类 号：TJ55[兵器科学与技术—军事化学与烟火技术] O69[理学—化学]