不同土壤基质下水分胁迫对黄檗幼苗形态和物质分配的影响  

Effects of water stress on the morphology and biomass allocation of Phellodendron amurense seedlings under different soil substrates

作　　者：及利 李绍臣[1] 王君[1] 王芳[1] 杨雨春[1] 陆志民[1] 孙伟[1] JI Li;LI Shaochen;WANG Jun;WANG Fang;YANG Yuchun;LU Zhimin;SUN Wei(Forestry Academy of Jilin Province, Changchun 130033, Jilin, China;College of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, Heilongjiang, China)

机构地区：[1]吉林省林业科学研究院,吉林长春130033 [2]东北林业大学林学院,黑龙江哈尔滨150040

出　　处：《中南林业科技大学学报》2019年第8期26-32,共7页Journal of Central South University of Forestry & Technology

基　　金：国家十三五重点研发计划项目(2017YFD0600605)

摘　　要：土壤水分是影响植物生长发育和形态建成的重要因子之一,缺水对植物生产的负面影响已成为林业可持续发展的一个主要问题。为探究不同基质条件下黄檗幼苗对水分胁迫的响应,本研究以3年生黄檗幼苗为对象,在腐殖土、壤土和砂壤土基质中分别进行控水试验,水分梯度分别设置为CK(正常供水,80%田间持水量)、T1(轻度胁迫,60%田间持水量)、T2(中度胁迫,40%田间持水量)和T3(重度胁迫,20%田间持水量),测定幼苗苗高、地径、叶面积和生物量分配等指标。结果表明:胁迫60 d后,3种土壤基质中黄檗幼苗的苗高、地径和冠面积均随水分胁迫强度增加而降低(P <0.05)。与CK相比,腐殖土、壤土和砂壤土在T3处理下的叶面积分别降低了15.65%、58.64%和69.87%。在胁迫20 d时,3种土壤基质下各胁迫处理对茎生物量没有显著影响,但在胁迫60 d时,水分亏缺显著降低了茎生物量。随着胁迫程度的加深,腐殖土中幼苗根冠比呈逐渐增加的趋势,而壤土和砂壤土则是呈先增加后降低的趋势。冗余分析结果表明,土壤全N、全P、蒸发速率(Reva)和渗透速率(Rpen)与幼苗形态和生物量存在明显的正相关关系,与根冠比呈负相关关系,而土壤容重(BD)与幼苗形态之间呈负相关关系。腐殖土条件下(即土壤容重、孔隙度和养分等条件合理的基质)适度的水分亏缺,有利于黄檗幼苗自身的形态建成,没有限制幼苗对碳水化合物的获取,在实际林业生产中需合理配置培育过程中的水分和土壤条件的关系,以提高苗木抵御胁迫的能力。Soil moisture is one of the important factors affecting plant growth and morphogenesis. The negative impact of water shortage on plant production has become a major problem in the sustainable development of forestry.To investigate the response of Phellodendron amurense seedlings under water stress in different soil substrates, in this study, three-years-old seedlings of Phellodendron amurense were used as research objects, and an experiement was conducted to set four water gradients(normal water supply CK, mild stress T1,moderate stress T2 and severe stress T3, 80%, 60%, 40%, 20% field water capacity respectively) in three soil substrates(humus, loam,sandy-loam) by pot controlled water method respectively. The seedlings height, ground diameter, leaf area and biomass allocation were determined in every treatments. The result showed that the height, ground diameter and crown area of Phellodendron amurense seedlings decreased with water stress intensity increasing in three soil substrates after 60 d stressed. Contrast to CK treatment, the leaf area in T3 in humus, loam and sandy-loam substates had decreased 15.65%, 58.64% and 69.87%. when stressed 20 d, the water stress had no effect on stem biomass significantly, but when the stress reach 60 days, the water deficit reduced the stem biomass significantly. With water stress intensity increasing, the root-shoot ratio was increased in humus and increased first and then decreased in loam and sandyloam gradually. The redundancy analysis indicated that there had a positive relation between soil total nitrogen(N), total phosphorus(P),evaporation rate(Reva), penetration rate(Rpen) and seedling morphology and biomass, but a negative effect on root-shoot ratio. However,the bulk density(BD) reach a negative relationship with seedling morphology. In humus condition, moderate water deficit is beneficial to the morphogenesis of the seedlings of Phellodendron amurense, and don’t limit the intake of carbohydrates by seedlings. Therefore, in actual forestry production, the relatio

关 键 词：水分胁迫 土壤基质 黄檗 物质分配 

分 类 号：S723.1[农业科学—林木遗传育种]