从“恢复中华”到“中华民族命运共同体”——百年来“中华民族”概念内涵演变的历史审视  

From “Recovering China” to a “Community with A Shared Future for the Chinese Nation”——A Historical Survey of the Evolution of the Conceptual Connotation of the “Chinese Nation” in the Past 100 Years

作　　者：何一民[1] 刘杨 He Yimin;LiuYang(Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China;Southwest University of Finance and Economics, Chengdu, Sichuan, China)

机构地区：[1]四川大学,四川成都610064 [2]西南财经大学马克思主义学院,四川成都610074

出　　处：《民族学刊》2019年第4期1-16,99-101,共19页Journal of Ethnology

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重点项目(12AZD083);国家社科基金重大招标项目(16DZA135)阶段成果;西南财经大学中央高校基本科研业务费项目“中华民族命运共同体构建的历史审视(XZX18020)”资助

摘　　要：中华民族作为一个命运共同体的形成发展历史悠久,但其作为一个整体概念的提出是在近代以后,从晚清到民国,从新中国成立到社会主义新时代,中华民族的内涵不断变化。新时代以来,以习近平为核心的党中央提出了“中华民族命运共同体”的新概念,这是对近代以来关于“中华民族”理论的创造性转化和创新性发展的最新成果。该理论凝聚着以政治认同、国家认同为基础的民族认同文化底蕴与时代精神,是中华民族实现伟大复兴的重要思想基础。“铸牢中华民族共同体意识”的关键在于政治层面上以中华人民共和国宪法为基础,坚持中国共产党领导,在政治一体的前提下,保持文化的多样性和特色性,在多元文化繁荣发展的背景下,实现国家的统一和团结,从而使中华民族内部形成“同呼吸、共患难”“你中有我,我中有你,谁也离不开谁”“一荣俱荣、一损俱损”的命运共同体。As an objective national entity,the formation and development of the Chinese nation has experienced a very long history. Located in the easternmost part of the Eurasian continent,the territory of the Chinese nation is a geographical unit with a vast space. It is relatively independent,and forms a geographical state that is open internally and relatively closed externally. Since ancient times,all ethnic groups in China have had longterm exchanges and communications within this common space. From mutual economic needs to the mutual influence of institutionalized culture,they have jointly created the Chinese civilization.For thousands of years,this has served as the root cause for the continuation of Chinese civilization and has become the historical basis for the formation of a "community of shared future for the Chinese nation ". The "Chinese nation"as a wholistic concept,however,is a post-modern notion.Since then,the connotation of this concept has constantly changed. On the basis of summarizing the previous studies,this paper intends to elaborate on the emergence,evolution and re-construction of the relevant concepts of the "Chinese nation"during the past 100 years,and to explain the science of the theoretical construction of a "community of a shared future for the Chinese nation"from the dimension of "diversity in unity".The concept of"zhonghua " has existed for thousands of years, but there was no the term"Chinese nation"( zhonghua minzu) in ancientChina. As an ethnological term,"Chinese nation"was proposed in the late Qing Dynasty when the invasion of Western powers inspired a strong sense of national consciousness among the Chinese people.The "Chinese nation",as a unified name for all ethnic groups in China,was first proposed by Liang Qichao( 1873-1929) and was widely recognized by perceptive people in all ethnic groups in China.The Revolution of 1911 overthrew the rule of the Qing Dynasty and ended the more than 2,000 years of a system of monarchy. After the founding of the Republic of China,both the Nanjin

关 键 词：中华民族 命运共同体 百年 演变 

分 类 号：C95[社会学—民族学]