氧气瓶爆炸失效分析  

Explosion Failure Analysis of Oxygen Cylinder

作　　者：张元 张号 李明超 孟维歌 宋明大 ZHANG Yuan;ZHANG Hao;LI Ming-chao;MENG Wei-ge;SONG Ming-da(College of Chemical Engineering,China University of Petroleum (Huadong),Shandong Qingdao 266580,China;Shandong Special Equipment Inspection Institute Co.Ltd.,Jinan 250101,China)

机构地区：[1]中国石油大学(华东)化学工程学院,山东青岛266580 [2]山东省特种设备检验研究院有限公司,济南250101

出　　处：《失效分析与预防》2019年第4期280-283,共4页Failure Analysis and Prevention

摘　　要：氧气瓶是生活、生产中常见的压力容器,其安全问题至关重要。本研究通过爆炸碎片检查、化学成分分析、微观组织分析、扫描电镜分析及附着物物相分析等,对氧气瓶爆炸进行失效分析。结果表明:气瓶爆炸能量巨大,远超一般物理爆炸;气瓶碎片存在熔化、发蓝等燃烧特征;金相检查发现存在魏氏组织,且气瓶存在碳氢化合物油脂;爆炸碎片多且宏观断口表现为瞬间断裂;气瓶爆炸属于化学爆炸;卸车时在高压氧气环境中产生的静电点燃油脂为事故的直接原因。As common pressure vessels,the safety of oxygen cylinders is crucial.Failure analysis was performed on an exploded oxygen cylinder by analyzing the macro morphology and microstructure of the fragments,the chemical composition of the material, and the phase of the attachments.The results show that the explosion energy is far greater than that of common physical explosions. There exist some combustion characteristics on the fragments,such as melting and bluing,and there is widmannstatten structure in the microstructure.There is grease in the cylinder,and there are many fragments which present fast crack characteristics.Therefore, it can be assumed that the explosion is chemical explosion.The grease was fired by static electricity,causing the explosion.

关 键 词：氧气瓶 压力容器 气瓶爆炸 化学爆炸 失效分析 

分 类 号：TQ117[化学工程—无机化工]