毒品混用人群高危特征及其艾滋病、梅毒、丙型肝炎感染现况  

High risk characteristics of mixed drug users and the prevalence of HIV,syphilis and HCV among them

作　　者：彭小雪 李林涛[1] 齐杰 刘卫民[1] PENG Xiao-xue;LI Lin-tao;QI Jie;LIU Wei-min(Luohu Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Shenzhen Guangdong 518020,China)

机构地区：[1]深圳市罗湖区疾病预防控制中心

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2019年第16期3032-3036,共5页Modern Preventive Medicine

基　　金：2016年深圳市罗湖区软科学研究计划项目(2016-41)

摘　　要：目的掌握吸毒人群高危特征,为防病干预工作提供科学参考。方法对650名吸毒人员进行调查并采学血检测HIV、梅毒、HCV感染状况,分为传统毒品组、新型毒品组以及传统毒品和新型毒品混用组进行分析。结果新型毒品、传统毒品及毒品混用者分别占比59.5%、25.5%、14.9%。毒品混用组:以在婚或同居者为主(χ^2=14.580,P=0.006),更易于因为同伴影响染毒(χ^2=7.269,P=0.026),更多因为无所事事而染毒(χ^2=15.690,P<0.001);更多是在旅店/宾馆(χ^2=11.113,P=0.004)、歌舞厅/夜总会(χ^2=12.958,P=0.002)、洗浴中心(χ^2=14.196,P=0.001)这些公共场所吸毒,更易于共用针具(χ^2=39.299,P<0.001);吸毒后性行为比例更高(χ^2=7.299,P=0.026),较易与商业性伴发生性行为(χ^2=10.027,P=0.007),安全套使用比例较低(χ^2=12.281,P=0.015);HIV感染率较高为2.1%(χ^2=6.554,P=0.038)、梅毒感染率较高,为14.4%(χ^2=15.522,P<0.001);丙型肝炎感染率为61.9%,低于传统毒品组但是高于新型毒品组(χ^2=206.974,P<0.001)。结论毒品混用人群存在更高的HIV及梅毒感染风险,是需要重点关注和干预的一类人群。Objective The aim of this study was to understand the current high-risk characteristics of drug users in Shenzhen,were respectively provide scientific reference for future prevention and intervention work towards drug users. Methods 650 drug addicts were investigated and tested for HIV, syphilis and HCV. They were divided into traditional drug group, new drug group and mixed drug group for statistical description and analysis. Results New drug users, traditional drug users and mixed drugs users accounted for 59.5%, 25.5% and 14.9%, respectively. The characteristics of the mixed drug users were mainly married or cohabitants(χ2=14.580, P=0.006), and were more likely to be addicted to drugs because of peer influence(χ2=7.269,P=0.026). There was a higher proportion of drug addicts because of idleness(χ2=15.690, P=0.000). Among the mixed drug users, drug abuse occurred mainly in public places such as hotels, entertainment places and bathing centers, and they were more likely to share needles(χ2=39.299, P=0.000). A high proportion of them had sex after drug abuse(χ2=7.299, P=0.026).A high proportion had sex with commercial partners(χ2=10.027, P=0.007). And condom use rate was low(χ2=12.281, P=0.015).The infection rate of HIV and syphilis among mixed drugs users were high. The infection rate of HCV among mixed drugs users was 61.9%, which was lower than traditional drug group but higher than new drug group. Conclusion Mixed drug users had higher risk of disease infection and were more likely to cause the spread of disease. It is the high-risk population that need our more attention.

关 键 词：毒品混用 高危特征 艾滋病 梅毒 丙型肝炎 

分 类 号：R183[医药卫生—流行病学]