基于小型无人机的高精度天线测试方法研究  

Accurate antenna measurement method based on micro UAV

作　　者：马松辉[1] 芦永超 刘可佳 郭淑霞[1] 胡楚锋[1] Ma Songhui;Lu Yongchao;Liu Kejia;Guo Shuxia;Hu Chufeng(Science and Technology on UAV Laboratory, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710065, China)

机构地区：[1]西北工业大学无人机特种技术重点实验室

出　　处：《仪器仪表学报》2019年第5期36-42,共7页Chinese Journal of Scientific Instrument

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(61871323、61571368)项目资助

摘　　要：天线测试对于天线辐射性能的检验至关重要。而当天线的尺寸较大或测试频率较低时,传统的天线测试方法难以满足测试需求。以大型天线测试为研究背景,研究了一种基于小型无人机的天线测试方法,根据测试信道模型获取被测天线的增益方向图。与传统的利用GPS作为无人机的导航信号相比,采用实时差分GPS作为无人机的导航信号,结合几何控制方法精确控制无人机的飞行轨迹,无人机的飞行轨迹偏差小于0.1m。对测试方法进行了试验验证,结果表明采用该方法可以较为准确地测量天线的方向图,增益测试误差小于1dB,具有较高的工程应用价值。Antenna measurement is very important for the performance verification of antenna radiation. However, when the antenna size is relatively large or the test frequency is relatively low, the traditional measurement method cannot meet the test requirement. In this paper, one kind of antenna measurement method based on the micro UAV is investigated for testing the large antenna in the outdoor environment. The gain pattern of measured antenna is obtained according to the measurement channel model. In this method, the realtime differential GPS is used as the navigation signal, and the geometric control method is combined to control the exact flight trajectory of UAV more accurately. Compared with the traditional navigation method based on GPS, the flight trajectory deviation of UAV is less than 0. 1 meter. Experimental results show that the method can measure the antenna pattern precisely. The gain measurement error is less than 1 dB, which has high engineering application value.

关 键 词：大型天线测试 小型无人机 实时差分GPS 几何控制方法 

分 类 号：TN82[电子电信—信息与通信工程] TH89[机械工程—仪器科学与技术]