高温胁迫下棉花蕾铃脱落及耐高温育种研究进展  

Research Progress on Square and Boll Shedding and High Temperature Tolerance Breeding of Cotton under Heat Stress

作　　者：刘云涛 肖文俊 Liu Yuntao XiaoWenjun;XiaoWenjun(Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology and Genetic Breeding,Ministry of Education, School of Agricultural Sciences, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, 330045)

机构地区：[1]江西农业大学农学院作物生理生态与遗传育种教育部重点实验室

出　　处：《分子植物育种》2019年第15期5089-5096,共8页Molecular Plant Breeding

基　　金：江西农业大学科技处项目(9021203930)资助

摘　　要：日益频发的高温热害天气是危害棉花生产的重要气候灾害,高温胁迫极易造成棉花蕾铃脱落,使棉花大幅度减产,耐高温育种是应对全球气候变暖的根本对策。本研究在总结高温对棉花造成的影响基础上,创造性地采用“源-流-库”理论来归纳前人的研究结果,展示了高温对棉花营养器官和生殖器官的影响以及二者之间的关系,并推论高温导致蕾铃脱落的生理原因。随后进一步利用该理论首次将前人的耐高温育种研究按照不同的切入点归纳为“开源”、“节流”与“强库”型策略,并总结了最新的棉花耐热分子生物学研究动态。最后针对以上研究中存在的具体问题提出了自己的见解与建议。The increasingly frequent high-temperature heat-damage weather is an important climate disaster leading to the damage of cotton production, heat stress can easily results in the square and boll shedding and causing a huge decrease of cotton yield, breeding against high temperature is the basic resolution for global warming. Based on a review of the high temperature influence on cotton, we creatively adopted the theory of "source-path-sink" to sum up the previous research results. We concluded the effects of heat on vegetative and reproductive organs of cotton, and the relationship between them, also, we inferred the physiological reasons of square and boll shedding under high temperature. Then, based on this theory, the previous studies on high temperature tolerance breeding were summarized as "expanding source","reducing consumption" and "strengthen sink" strategies for the first time according to different breakthrough points, and we concluded recent researches of molecular biology on cotton against high temperature. At last, we proposed our own insights and suggestions on the issues of above researches.

关 键 词：高温胁迫 蕾铃脱落 “源-流-库”理论 

分 类 号：S562[农业科学—作物学]