杯[8]芳烃磷酸酯萃取分离镧铈混合离子的研究  

Study on Extraction and Separation of Lanthanum and Cerium Mixed Ions by Calix[8]arene Phosphate

作　　者：杨歆 梁恩湘[1] 易健民[1] YANG Xin;LIANG En-xiang;YI Jian-min(College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,Hunan Institute of Technology,Yueyang 414006,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南理工学院化学化工学院

出　　处：《稀有金属与硬质合金》2019年第4期7-12,29,共7页Rare Metals and Cemented Carbides

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(21471053)

摘　　要：合成了对叔丁基杯[8]芳烃磷酸酯(简记为TPA),通过红外光谱和核磁共振谱表征了TPA的结构,研究了TPA对镧铈混合离子的萃取分离条件,初步探讨了TPA萃取La^3+、Ce^4+的分离机理。在水相pH=6.5、O/A相比1∶1、萃取时间150 min、萃取剂浓度3.0×10^-3 mol/L下,TPA对La^3+、Ce^4+的萃取分离效率最高,Ce^4+/La^3+分离因子为6.74,略优于传统萃取剂P507-磺化煤油,且无需对镧铈混合离子溶液进行皂化处理,无氨氮废水产生。TPA在镧铈混合离子溶液中对Ce^4+有较好的选择性,若利用多级离心萃取分馏,有望实现La^3+、Ce^4+的高效、无氨氮污染萃取分离。P-tert-butyl calix[8]arene phosphate(abbreviated as TPA)was synthesized.The structure of TPA was characterized by IR and NMR spectra.The conditions were investigated of extraction and separation of lanthanum and cerium mixed ions by TPA.And the extraction and separation mechanism of La^3+and Ce^4+by TPA was initially discussed.TPA has the highest extraction and separation efficiency for La^3+and Ce^4+,and the Ce^4+/La^3+separation factor is 6.74 under the optimal conditions as follows:aqueous phase pH=6.5,organic/aqueous phase ratio of 1∶1,extraction time of 150 min and extractant concentration of 3.0×10^-3 mol/L.TPA is slightly better than the traditional extractant P507-sulfonated kerosene,and there is no need to saponify the La^3+and Ce4+mixed solution,and no ammonia nitrogen wastewater to be produced.TPA has strong selectivity for Ce^4+in La3+and Ce^4+mixed solution,and high-efficiency,ammonia and nitrogen-free extraction and separation of La3+and Ce^4+is possible by multi-stage centrifugal extraction fractionation.

关 键 词：芳烃磷酸酯 镧铈混合离子 萃取分离 结构 工艺条件 分离机理 

分 类 号：TF804.2[冶金工程—有色金属冶金]