稻壳基活性炭的热处理改性及其电化学性能（英文）  

Modification of a rice husk-based activated carbon by thermal treatment and its effect on its electrochemical performance as a supercapacitor electrode

作　　者：肖程元 张文礼[1] 林海波[1,2] 田永霞 李欣欣 田亦野 陆海彦 XIAO Cheng-yuan;ZHANG Wen-li;LIN Hai-bo;TIAN Yong-xia;LI Xin-xin;TIAN Yi-ye;LU Hai-yan(College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China;State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China;Zhuhai College, Jilin University, Zhuhai 519041, China;PetroChina Pipeline Company, Langfang 065000, China)

机构地区：[1]吉林大学化学学院,吉林长春130012 [2]吉林大学无机合成与制备化学国家重点实验室,吉林长春130012 [3]吉林大学珠海学院,广东珠海519041 [4]中国石油管道公司,河北廊坊065000

出　　处：《新型炭材料》2019年第4期341-348,共8页New Carbon Materials

基　　金：National Key Research and Development Program of China(2017YFB0307500);National Natural Science Foundation Project(21573093);Jilin University Science and Technology Innovation Team Project(2017TD-31)~~

摘　　要：稻壳基活性炭是一种具有多级孔道结构的电极材料,可以用于水系或有机电解液体系超级电容器,具有优良的比电容和功率特性。然而稻壳基活性炭用于超级电容器会出现严重的自放电问题。本文提出了一种简单的热处理稻壳基活性炭的改性方法,能够提高活性炭电极材料的电容值,并降低其自放电速率。在保持原有的多级孔结构基础上,增加了活性炭的介孔比例,减少了表面含氧官能团。改性前后的稻壳基活性炭材料组装的双电层超级电容器在0.5Ag^-1的电流密度下,质量比电容分别为116Fg^-1和147Fg^-1,24h自放电电压保持分别为75.2%和84.5%;在1.0Ag^-1条件下10000圈恒流充放电循环后,电容保持率分别为85%和92%。A hierarchically porous rice husk-based activated carbon, which had been prepared by a combined method (carbonization, NaOH-leaching and KOH activation), has a high specific capacitance and power density as a supercapacitor electrode in aqueous or organic electrolytes. It was subjected to a simple thermal treatment at 800 ℃ for 1 h to modify its microstructure and electrochemical performance. Results indicate that its original hierarchical pore structure is retained and the number of oxygen-containing functional groups is reduced after this modification. Mesopores developed and the volume ratio of mesopores to total pores increased from 25.62 to 33.62%. The modified activated carbon showed a higher specific capacitance of 147 F g^-1 than the unmodified one (116 F g^-1 ) at a current density of 0.5 A g^-1 . The voltage of the modified activated carbon was 84.5% of its initial value after self-discharge for 24 h, which is higher than that (75.2%) of the unmodified one. The capacitance retention of the modified carbon was 92% while that of the unmodified one was 85% after 10 000 galvanostatic charge/discharge cycles at 1 A g^-1 , indicating the better cycling stability of the former.

关 键 词：超级电容器 热处理 稻壳 活性炭 自放电 

分 类 号：TQ127.11[化学工程—无机化工]