芳纶纳米纤维覆膜非织造材料的制备及性能  

Preparation and Property of Nonwoven Materials Coated by Aramid Nanofibers

作　　者：刘培杰[1] 左文静 黄晨[1] LIU Peijie;ZUO Wenjing;HUANG Chen(College of Textiles, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China)

机构地区：[1]东华大学纺织学院

出　　处：《东华大学学报（自然科学版）》2019年第4期495-501,共7页Journal of Donghua University(Natural Science)

摘　　要：以对位芳纶纤维为原料,使其分子链在弱碱性环境的二甲基亚砜中发生裂解,从而芳纶纤维细度由10~20μm变为纳米级别,得到均匀透明的芳纶纳米纤维分散液。通过层层自组装的涂膜工艺,将其涂覆于静电驻极非织造材料表面,制成芳纶纳米纤维覆膜的非织造材料。对该材料的力学性能、热稳定性、孔径以及过滤性能进行了测试与分析,并与聚四氟乙烯覆膜材料进行比较。结果表明,芳纶纳米纤维覆膜非织造材料具有良好的力学性能和热稳定性,孔径小且分布集中,初始过滤效率可以达到92.9%,可将其用于高精度的高温过滤材料。A uniform and transparent aramid nanofiber dispersion was prepared by dissolving para-aramid fibers in dimethyl sulfoxide which was in alkaline environment,so that the molecular chains of aramid fibers cracked into small chains leading the aramid diameter from10-20μm to nanoscale.The aramid nanofiber solution was coated on the surface of electret nonwovens though layer-by-layer self-assembly,thus the composite material was formed.The mechanical properties,thermal stability,pore size and filtration performance of the composite material were evaluated and compared with those of polytetrafluoroethylene film coating material.The results show that the material coated with aramid nanofibers has good mechanical properties,excellent thermal stability,appropriate pore size and distribution,and the initial filtration efficiency reaches 92.9%,the material is suitable for high precision and high temperature filtration.

关 键 词：对位芳纶 纳米纤维 涂覆 高温过滤材料 

分 类 号：TS176.5[轻工技术与工程—纺织材料与纺织品设计]