树枝尺度的树冠气动特性风洞试验  

Wind Tunnel Experiment on Aerodynamic Characteristics of Canopy in Tree Branches Scale

作　　者：吴洋洋 付海明[1,2] WU Yangyang;FU Haiming(College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China;Textile Pollution Controlling Engineering Center of Ministry of Environmental Protection, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China)

机构地区：[1]东华大学环境科学与工程学院,上海201620 [2]东华大学国家环境保护纺织工业污染防治工程技术中心,上海201620

出　　处：《东华大学学报（自然科学版）》2019年第4期583-587,595,共6页Journal of Donghua University(Natural Science)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(41371445,51178094)

摘　　要：采用常见的3种长青植物即桂花树、山茶树和珊瑚树作为试验样本,用叶面积指数、体积填充率和光学孔隙率表征树冠复杂的形态结构,通过试验得到了树冠形态结构参数之间的相关关系以及树冠形态结构参数对树冠流动阻力的影响规律。通过对试验结果进行回归分析,给出了树冠形态结构参数之间以及叶面积指数与阻力系数之间的关联表达式。研究结果表明:叶面积指数与体积填充率呈线性相关,叶面积指数和体积填充率均与光学孔隙率呈幂指数关系;气流流经树冠产生的压力损失随着风速的增加呈非线性增加。Three common evergreen plants including osmanthus trees,camellia trees and coral trees,were used as experimental samples.The leaf area index,solid volume fraction and optical porosity were used to analyze the complicated morphology of vegetation canopy.Relationships among the morphological structure parameters of the canopy and the influences of the parameters on flow resistance of the canopy were studied by experiment.The expression among parameters of canopy morphological structure,and the one between the leaf area index and drag coefficient of the canopy were presented by regression analysis of experimental results.The results show that there is a linear relationship between the leaf area index and solid volume fraction,and the two structural prameters have power exponent relationship with optical porosity,respectively.The pressure loss caused by airflow through the canopy increases nonlinearly with the increase of wind speed.

关 键 词：树冠 树冠形态结构参数 风洞试验 树冠阻力系数 

分 类 号：X513[环境科学与工程—环境工程] S731.2[农业科学—林学]