高强度间歇训练与中等强度持续训练对肥胖儿童身体成分和心血管功能影响的作用相似  

Similar effect of high-intensity interval training with moderate-intensity continuous training on body composition and cardiovascular health of obesity children

作　　者：曹甍 全明辉[1] 庄洁[2] Cao Meng;Quan Minghui;Zhuang Jie(School of Physical Education and Sport Training, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai 200438, China;School of Sports Science, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai 200438, China)

机构地区：[1]上海体育学院体育教育与运动训练学院,上海市200438 [2]上海体育学院运动科学学院,上海市200438

出　　处：《中国组织工程研究》2019年第35期5732-5740,共9页Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目(18BTY095)，项目负责人：庄洁~~

摘　　要：背景:高强度间歇训练对肥胖儿童的干预研究逐年增加,但文献中对于提供高强度间歇训练干预的最有效手段仍未达成共识。儿童肥胖正成为影响全球的健康问题,确定有效的干预策略势在必行。目的:通过Meta分析的方法来定量的比较高强度间歇训练和中等强度持续训练对肥胖儿童身体成分和心血管健康的改善效果,并探讨较为合适的高强度间歇训练方案。方法:利用肥胖及健康相关的关键词,对5个数据库(MEDLINE,PubMed,WebofScience,CNKI和GoogleScholar)进行文献检索。分析2种训练对身体成分和心血管健康指标混合效应的差异。结果与结论:总共纳入了11个研究共295名受试者。结果显示,高强度间歇训练对于收缩压的改善效果显著优于中等强度持续训练(SMD=-0.60,95%CI:-1.02,-0.18,P=0.01),2种运动形式对于其他身体成分和心血管健康指标的改善效果无显著差异。而负荷休息比值为0.33,负荷强度≥100%最大有氧速度,间隔低强度的积极性恢复(强度为50%最大有氧速度),每周2或3次,每次>6回合,干预持续时间≥12周的跑步高强度间歇训练可以作为参考的干预方案。提示高强度间歇训练在改善肥胖儿童身体健康方面具有和中等强度持续训练相类似的效果,且更具有时间高效性,使今后在校园内开展针对肥胖学生的运动干预成为可能。今后的研究需要进一步完善高强度间歇训练干预方案,以提高对儿童健康改善的效果。BACKGROUND: High-intensity interval training intervention in obesity children is gradually increasing, but there remains inconformity within the literature regarding the most effective means for delivering a high-intensity interval training intervention. Childhood obesity is becoming a global health issues, and the identification of effective intervention strategies is imperative. OBJECTIVE: To perform a meta-analysis to compare the improvement effects between high-intensity interval training and moderate-intensity continuous training on body composition and cardiovascular health in obesity children, and to explore the optimal high-intensity interval training protocol. METHODS: Five databases(MEDLINE, PubMed, Web of Science, CNKI and Google Scholar) were searched for original research articles. A search of the literature was conducted using the key words about obesity and health. The effects of two training methods on body composition and cardiovascular health were compared. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: A total of 295 subjects from 11 studies were identified. The pooled effect size on systolic blood pressure was-0.60(95% CI:-1.02,-0.18, P=0.01) comparing high-intensity interval training to moderate-intensity continuous training. There was no significant difference between high-intensity interval training and moderate-intensity continuous training on other biomarkers. Elements of reference intervention include: running high-intensity interval training with 0.33 work rest ratio, work intensity ≥ 100% maximal aerobic speed, activity recovery(50% maximal aerobic speed), 6 bouts per session and two or three times weekly and more than 12 weeks. Compared with endurance training, high-intensity interval training has similar improvements on body composition and cardiovascular health of obesity children, and has more time-efficiency. It is possible to carry out exercise interventions for obesity students in the future. Further recommendations as to optimal exercise protocol are needed to improve the intervention effects.

关 键 词：强度间歇训练 持续训练 肥胖 儿童 身体成分 心肺适能 健康 META分析 

分 类 号：R455[医药卫生—运动医学] G8[医药卫生—治疗学]