炎症对糖尿病视网膜病变神经退行性改变的影响  

Effect of inflammation on the neurodegeneration of diabetic retinopathy

作　　者：张晨晨 尹元[1] 聂圣琼 郑雅娟[1] Zhang Chenchen;Yin Yuan;Nie Shengqiong;Zheng Yajuan(Department of Glaucoma,the Second Hospital of Jilin University,Changchun 130000,China)

机构地区：[1]吉林大学第二医院眼科

出　　处：《临床眼科杂志》2019年第4期378-382,共5页Journal of Clinical Ophthalmology

摘　　要：糖尿病视网膜病变是糖尿病的常见并发症,目前对其发病机制的研究尚不十分明确,研究主要集中在微血管病变方面。但已有研究发现糖尿病患者在视网膜出现微血管障碍之前,就已经出现神经元的病理改变。视网膜微血管与神经元及胶质细胞紧密关联,组成神经微血管单位。提示糖尿病视网膜病变即为一种由神经微血管单位损伤导致的神经血管性疾病,其中糖尿病代谢改变引起的炎症反应是影响该"单位"正常功能的重要原因。本文就炎症对DR神经退行性改变的影响作一综述,重点分析炎症对胶质细胞与神经元的影响,以期寻找早期有效的神经元保护方法。Diabetic retinopathy(DR) is a common complication of diabetes. Tremendous efforts have been made to identify the mechanism of DR, which still remains unclear. Nowadays microvascular dysfunction is broadly accepted as a contributing factor of DR. However, previous studies had reported diabetic patients who exhibited early signs of pathological neurodegenerative changes even before the appearance of microvascular lesions. Retinal microvasculature is closely associated with neurons and glial cells, which can be viewed as a retinal neurovascular unit. These suggests that DR may be a neurovascular disease resulting from damages in the retinal neurovascular unit, whereas diabetes-related inflammation could act as one critical contributor to the dysfunction of this unit. In this review, we focused on the effect of inflammation on neurodegeneration of DR with emphasis on the effect of inflammation on neurons and glial cells, in order to provide an early and effective method for the protection of retinal neurons.

关 键 词：糖尿病视网膜病变 病理生理 炎症 胶质细胞 神经退行性改变 

分 类 号：R587.2[医药卫生—内分泌]