延迟时间的震灾条件下车辆调度优化研究  

Research on vehicle scheduling optimization model under earthquake disaster conditions considering delay time

作　　者：王伟 朱兵[1,2] 田沁雪 WANG Wei;ZHU Bing;TIAN Qinxue(Key Laboratory of Economic Management,State Ethnic Affairs Commission,Yinchuan 750021,Ningxia,China;School of Business,North Minzu University,Yinchuan 750021,Ningxia,China)

机构地区：[1]国家民族事务委员会经济管理重点开放实验室,宁夏银川750021 [2]北方民族大学商学院,宁夏银川750021

出　　处：《河南理工大学学报（自然科学版）》2019年第6期92-98,共7页Journal of Henan Polytechnic University（Natural Science）

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学研究项目(18YJCZH176);北方民族大学重点科研项目(2017KJ26);北方民族大学研究生创新项目(YCX18027)

摘　　要：灾区受灾消息传达延迟以及运输路网破坏造成物资配送延迟,这直接影响到应急救援物资的及时输送,进而影响到救灾效果。本文在考虑通讯中断以及运输路网中断造成物资运输延迟的基础上,以应急物资运输总时间最短为目标,建立震灾条件下车辆调度优化模型,该模型以"72 h黄金救援期"为目标,保证重要的救援物资在72 h内送达灾区。通过算例验证模型有效性,结果表明:模型在对车辆进行调度时,优先考虑载重和容量较大的车辆,以便在相同时间内运输更多的物资满足需求;当车辆行程不变时,总延迟时间越大,应急救援物资运输总持续时间越长,并且所有物资运输时间越短;当总延迟时间不变时,车辆行程次数越小,物资配送时间越短,并且车辆装载率将会越高。Delays of material distribution due to delays of disaster response and disasters in the disaster area would directly affect the timely delivery of emergency relief materials,and then would affect the disaster relief effect.On the basis of considering the communication interruption and the delay time of material transportation caused by the interruption of transportation network,the vehicle scheduling optimization model under the earthquake disaster condition with the shortest total time of emergency materials transportation was established.The "72 h gold rescue period" was considered in the model to ensure that important relief supplies were delivered to the disaster area within 72 hours.The validity of the model was verified by an example.The results showed that the model prioritized the vehicles with larger load capacity in order to transport more materials to meet the demand.When the total delay time was longer,the total duration of emergency rescue materials transportation was longer,and the shorter the transportation time of all materials was;when the total delay time was constant,the smaller the number of vehicle trips was,the smaller the value was,and the material delivery time got shorter,the vehicle loading rate would get higher.

关 键 词：应急物流 车辆调度 物资调拨 优化模型 

分 类 号：F252[经济管理—国民经济] U491[交通运输工程—交通运输规划与管理]