个体化经髂嵴植钉导板在骨盆外固定架深部植钉中的应用  

Application of individualized transiliac crest nail-grafting guide plate in deep pelvic external fixator implantation

作　　者：唐成[1,2] 梁斌[1] 姚庆强[1,2] 刘帅 徐燕[1,2] 王黎明[1,2] TANG Cheng;LIANG Bin;YAO Qingqiang;LIU Shuai;XU Yan;WANG Liming(Department of Orthopaedics,Nanjing First Hospital,Nanjing Medical University,Nanjing Jiangsu,210006,P.R.China;Digital Medicine Institute,Nanjing Medical University,Nanjing Jiangsu,210006,P.R.China;Department of Orthopaedics,Xuzhou Central Hospital,Xuzhou Jiangsu,221006,P.R.China)

机构地区：[1]南京医科大学附属南京医院(南京市第一医院)骨科,南京210006 [2]南京医科大学数字医学研究所,南京210006 [3]徐州市中心医院骨科,江苏徐州221006

出　　处：《中国修复重建外科杂志》2019年第9期1133-1140,共8页Chinese Journal of Reparative and Reconstructive Surgery

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(81702205);江苏省自然科学基金资助项目(BK20170141)~~

摘　　要：目的探讨利用计算机辅助设计和3D打印技术制备的个体化经髂嵴植钉导板在骨盆外固定架深部植钉中的应用。方法 2017年5月—2018年2月,收治5例骨盆骨折患者。男1例,女4例;年龄29~68岁,平均52岁。骨盆骨折Tile分型B型3例,C型2例。受伤至手术时间6~14 d,平均9 d。依据术前CT扫描数据三维重建骨盆,并设计个体化经髂嵴植钉导板,利用3D打印技术制备骨盆模型及导板;术前模拟植钉过程后,术中在个体化经髂嵴植钉导板辅助下植入外固定钉。术后复查CT,依据手术前后三维图像,测量实际钉道和规划钉道起始端与髂前上棘骨性凸起顶部的距离,分别在横断面和冠状面上测量规划钉道和实际钉道的内倾角及尾倾角。结果所有患者术中均应用个体化经髂嵴植钉导板辅助成功植钉,共植入20枚外固定钉,均为单次植入。X线片和CT检查显示所有外固定钉位置良好,植入长度70.13~100.53 mm,平均83.16 mm。拟合后的三维重建图像显示所有外固定钉的进钉点、钉道方向均与术前规划一致。和规划钉道比较,实际钉道与髂前上棘的距离、内倾角、尾倾角差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。术后随访3个月,所有外固定钉均未发生松动、断裂;均未发生血管、神经损伤,浅表和深部组织感染,切口均Ⅰ期愈合。所有患者对治疗过程满意,髋、膝关节活动度正常,末次随访时疼痛视觉模拟评分(VAS)为0~3分,平均0.5分。结论个体化经髂嵴植钉导板辅助植钉技术是对传统经髂嵴植钉技术的改良,可提高外固定钉植入精确度和有效延长钉道长度,使患者术后迅速获得骨盆力学稳定性、降低钉道相关并发症风险。Objective To explore the application of individualized transiliac crest nail-grafting guide plate prepared by computer-aided design and three-dimensional (3D) printing technology in deep pelvic external fixator implantation. Methods Five patients with pelvic fractures were collected between May 2017 and February 2018. There were 4 females and 1 male with an average age of 52 years (range, 29-68 years). Pelvic fractures were classified as type B in 3 cases and type C in 2 cases by Tile classification. The interval between injury and operation was 6-14 days (mean, 9 days). The preoperative CT images of pelvic fractures were collected. The data was reconstructed by 3D imaging reconstruction workstation. An individualized transiliac crest nail-grafting guide plate was designed on the virtual 3D model. The individualized transiliac crest nail-grafting guide plate and the solid pelvic model were produced with the 3D printing technology. The individualized transiliac crest nail-grafting guide plate was used for intraoperative deep pin position on iliac crest after the preoperative simulation. The follow-up CT scans were used to determine the differences in distance from anterior superior iliac spine, convergence angle, and caudal angle between the preoperative plan and postoperative measurement. Results During the operation, the individualized transiliac crest nail-grafting guide plate was used to guide the placement of 20 pins. X-ray film and CT examination showed that all pins were well positioned. The average depth of pins was 83.16 mm (range, 70.13-100.53 mm). Fitted 3D reconstruction images showed that the entry point and orientation of the pins were all consistent with preoperative schemes. Compared with the planned nail path, there was no significant difference in the distance from anterior superior iliac spine, convergence angle, and caudal angle in the actual nail path (P>0.05). No loosening and rupture of pin, no damage of blood vessels and nerve, and shallow or deep infection occurred during 3 months follow-u

关 键 词：个体化植钉 导板 3D打印技术 骨盆骨折 外固定 

分 类 号：R687.3[医药卫生—骨科学]