凝稳塔底温提温差原因分析及应对措施  

Reason Analysis and Countermeasure of Temperature Increase Difference at the Bottom of Condensation Tower

作　　者：杨刚[1] 杨超超[1] 杨阳 李超[1] 王建[1] 时腾 Yang Gang;Yang Chaochao;Yang Yang;Li Chao;Wang Jian;Shi Teng(Sinopec Yakela Oil & Gas Exploration Factory. Northwest Company, Kuqa, Xinjiang, 842017, China)

机构地区：[1]中国石油化工股份有限公司西北油田分公司雅克拉采气厂

出　　处：《天然气与石油》2019年第4期51-56,共6页Natural Gas and Oil

基　　金：中国石油化工股份有限公司西北油田分公司“老油气田技改项目”(YC2019-006)

摘　　要：凝稳塔及塔底重沸器是石油化工凝析油稳定装置的重要设备,雅站凝稳塔自投运已连续运行14年,从未进行过开塔检查。2019年2月塔底重沸器抽芯检查后发现管束外壁结盐严重,且重沸器壳程内发现泥砂。更换重沸器管束后,对塔底进行提温,最高提温至120℃,目前塔底温在105℃运行。当塔底温度提至110℃以上时,塔顶回流罐排水频率明显加快,塔顶温和塔底热油阀波动,严重时采取全回流来提高分离效果。根据雅站前期凝析油稳定单元洗盐运行情况,凝稳塔重沸器管束外壁盐堵和壳程有泥砂二换管束盐堵和砂堵等现象,判断凝稳塔塔板可能存在不同程度的盐堵和砂堵。从进站原油物性、热水溶盐试验、加破乳剂、优选洗盐方案等方面进行分析,找出凝稳塔底温提温效果变差原因并提出相应解决对策。最终实现了进站原油物性变化后凝稳单元稳定高效运行,为其它相关油田凝析油稳定处理提供经验参考。Condensate stabilization tower and bottom reboiler are important equipments of petrochemical condensate oil stabilization unit. Yazhan condensate stabilization tower has been in operation for 14 years without tower opening inspection. After core pulling inspection of bottom reboiler in February 2019, serious salt deposits were found on the outer wall of tube bundle and mud sand was found in the shell of reboiler. After replacing the reboiler tube bundles, the bottom of the tower is heated up to 120 ℃. At present, the bottom temperature of the tower runs at 105 ℃. When the bottom temperature of the tower is above 110 ℃, the drainage frequency of the top reflux tank is obviously accelerated, and the top temperature and the bottom hot oil valve fluctuate. When the bottom temperature is serious, full reflux is adopted to improve the separation effect. According to the salt washing operation of the condensate stabilization unit in the early stage of Yazhan Station, the salt blockage on the outer wall of the reboiler tube bundle of the condensate stabilization tower and the mud and sand blockage on the shell side, the salt blockage and sand blockage on the second exchange tube bundle, different degrees of salt blockage and sand blockage can be judged to exist on the tray of the condensation tower. This paper analyses the physical properties of crude oil, hot water salt dissolution test, demulsifier addition and salt washing scheme optimization, and finds out the reasons for the worsening effect of temperature rising at the bottom of the condensation tower and puts forward corresponding countermeasures. Finally, the stable and efficient operation of condensation unit has been realized, which provides reference for stabilization treatment of condensation oil in other olifields.

关 键 词：凝稳塔 盐堵 砂堵 原因分析 对策 

分 类 号：TE962[石油与天然气工程—石油机械设备]