海底爆破振动强度衰减规律及中华白海豚保护措施研究  

Study on attenuation law of submarine blasting vibration intensity and protection measures of Chinese white dolphins

作　　者：费鸿禄 关福晨 包士杰 肖绍青 FEI Hong-lu;GUAN Fu-chen;BAO Shi-jie;XIAO Shao-qing(Institute of Blasting Technique,Liaoning Technical University,Fuxin 123000,China;Xiamen Engineering Blasting Company,Xiamen 361001,China)

机构地区：[1]辽宁工程技术大学爆破技术研究院,辽宁阜新123000 [2]厦门爆破工程公司,福建厦门361001

出　　处：《海洋通报》2019年第4期405-414,共10页Marine Science Bulletin

摘　　要：为确保海底爆破施工所诱发的振动不对中华白海豚造成危害,基于量纲分析法对萨道夫斯基经验公式进行修正,建立适用于预测海底爆破质点峰值振动速度的相似准数方程。在此基础上根据现场试验数据进行非线性回归运算,得到相关参数并分析了海底爆破振动强度衰减规律。分析表明:海底爆破质点峰值振速主要由单段装药量、监测点距爆心水平距离、覆盖层厚度及海水深度等因素决定。将参数值分别代入萨氏公式及新建公式计算预测值并进行误差估计,其平均误差分别为20.3%和10.0%,新建公式提高了对质点振速预测的准确性。利用新建公式及超压内安全振速估算保护中华白海豚的安全距离并提出相应的保护措施,为同类工程施工提供理论参考依据。In order to ensure that the vibration induced by submarine blasting construction does not cause harm to Chinese white dolphins, the Sadovsky’s empirical formula is modified by dimensional analysis, and a similar criterion equation for predicting the peak velocity of particle vibration in submarine blasting is established. On this basis, nonlinear regression calculation is carried out on the field monitoring data, the relevant parameters are obtained and the attenuation law of vibration intensity of seabed blasting is analyzed. The analysis shows that the peak vibration velocity of seabed blasting particle is mainly determined by single blasting charge, the horizontal distance between monitoring point and blasting center,the thickness of overburden and the depth of seawater. The parameter values are substituted into Sadovsky’s formula and the new formula to calculate the predicted values and estimate the errors, and the average errors of the parameters are 20.3 % and10 %, respectively. The new formula improves the accuracy of particle velocity estimation. Using the new formula and the safe vibration velocity in overpressure to estimate the safe distance of protecting the Chinese white dolphin, the corresponding protective measures are put forward, which provides a theoretical reference for similar engineering construction.

关 键 词：量纲分析 质点峰值振动速度 相似准数方程 误差估计 中华白海豚 

分 类 号：TV542.5[水利工程—水利水电工程]