国际海上救援效率比较研究——以东海特定水域为例  

A comparison study on the rescue efficiency in the international waters:a case of the specific waters in the East China Sea

作　　者：林婉妮 王诺 LIN Wan-ni;WANG Nuo(Transportation Engineering College,Dalian Maritime University,Dalian 116026,China)

机构地区：[1]大连海事大学交通运输工程学院

出　　处：《海洋通报》2019年第4期438-446,共9页Marine Science Bulletin

基　　金：国家海洋软科学项目(JJYX201612-1)

摘　　要：为研究东海海域海上救援效率和国际协作的协调性,以国际救援为视角,基于ArcGIS构建了海事救援效率评价模型。根据巡逻船舶密度数据确定了救援船舶的概率分布,得出了救援船舶与遇险船舶的可能距离,同时考虑了风浪影响下遇险船舶的漂移以及巡逻船舶失速的情况,分别计算了常风向和次常风向下中国、日本和韩国在东海特定水域的海上救援效率。结果表明:以各国现有的巡逻船舶配备对研究区内漂移的遇险船舶展开救援时,常风向下先后抵达的顺序为韩国、日本和中国,驰援时间分别为5.14、8.18和9.67 h;次常风向下抵达的顺序为韩国、日本和中国,驰援时间分别为5.45、8.25和10.08 h;为提高我国的救援效率,需要在东海海域部署9~10艘巡逻船舶开展常态化巡逻。本文研究可为我国有关部门科学制定和完善海上救援方案,调整海上救援力量配备,进一步加强国际间的协调与合作提供参考。To study the efficiency of marine rescue and coordination of cooperation among countries surrounding the East China Sea, geographic information system( GIS) technology was applied to establish the maritime rescue efficiency evaluation model. The probability distribution of the rescue vessel was determined by using the merchant vessels distribution data, then the possible distance between the rescue vessel and the vessel in distress was obtained. Taking the impact of wind and waves on the vessel in distress and the patrol vessels into consideration, the rescue efficiency of China, Japan and South Korea of the specific waters in the East China Sea were calculated under the prevailing wind conditions. The results indicated that for accident in the specific waters of the East China Sea, under the dominant direction of wind, the descending order of patrol vessels arriving is South Korea, Japan and China, and the rescue time are 5.14, 8.18 and 9.67 h, respectively. Under the secondary direction of wind, the order of patrol vessels arriving is South Korea, Japan and China, and the rescue time are 5.45,8.25 and 10.08 h, respectively. Further analysis shows that China need to deploy 9~10 patrol vessels in the East China Sea for normal patrol in order to improve China’s rescue efficiency. The results of this study can provide a reference for the formulation and improvement of maritime SAR plans and the adjustment of maritime rescue forces and can further strengthen international cooperation.

关 键 词：东海 GIS 遇险 救援效率 海事安全 

分 类 号：U676.8[交通运输工程—船舶及航道工程]