快速城镇化进程中太湖流域产水量变化的时空分布特征  

Spatiotemporal pattern of water yield changes over the Taihu Basin during the rapid urbanization process

作　　者：李伶杰 胡庆芳[1] 王银堂[1] 刘勇[1] 朱琰[2] 王磊之 崔婷婷[1] LI Lingjie;HU Qingfang;WANG Yintang;LIU Yong;ZHU Yan;WANG Leizhi;CUI Tingting(State Key Laboratory of Hydrology-Water Resources and Hydraulic Engineering,Nanjing Hydraulic Research Institute,Nanjing 210029,P.R.China;College of Hydrology and Water Resources,Hohai University,Nanjing 210098,P.R.China)

机构地区：[1]南京水利科学研究院水文水资源与水利工程科学国家重点实验室,南京210029 [2]河海大学水文水资源学院,南京210098

出　　处：《湖泊科学》2019年第5期1289-1298,共10页Journal of Lake Sciences

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFC1508201,2018YFC1508204,2017YFC1502705);水利部公益性行业科研专项经费项目(201501014);国家自然科学基金项目(51509157,51609140);江苏省水利科技项目(2017038,2017022)联合资助

摘　　要：快速城镇化进程中太湖流域下垫面的剧烈变化对流域产水量时空分布产生了深刻影响.在分析太湖流域城镇化进程及土地利用变化的基础上,采用太湖流域模型对3种典型降雨过程(1991、1999和2009年)与5种下垫面(1985、1995、2000、2005和2010年)的组合情景进行模拟,综合分析了城镇化进程中全流域和各水利分区在全年期、汛期、涨水期产水量变化的时空分布特征.结果表明:时程上,太湖流域和所有水利分区的各统计时段产水量增幅伴随城镇化进程推进均呈现增加趋势,2005年后产水量增幅进一步加大,且全年产水量增幅主要集中在汛期;空间上,东、中部城市集聚区的产水量增长率明显高于西部山丘区与太湖湖区,这主要是由于西部山丘区、太湖湖区不透水率增幅较小所致.产水量变化的时空非均匀分布特征为城镇化背景下太湖流域防洪除涝格局演变及流域-区域-城市防洪除涝协调性研究提供了重要的先验认识.The dramatic changes of land-use and cover in the Taihu Basin (TB) during the rapid urbanization process has a profound effect on the spatiotemporal distribution characteristics of water yield.In this paper,we analyze the urbanization process and land-use changes in the TB firstly,and then the TB model is employed to simulate hydrological process for the coupled scenarios of typical rainfall (1991,1999 and 2009) and land-use (1985,1995,2000,2005 and 2010).Finally,spatiotemporal patterns of water yield changes are revealed synthetically at year,flood season and water-level-rising stage over the whole basin and sub-regions.Temporally,runoff generation growth at all time and space scales present an evident increasing trend with the progress of urbanization and increment further enlarges after 2005.In addition,the annual increase of water yield is mainly concentrated in the flood season.Spatially,the growth rate of all statistical periods in urban cluster over the eastern and central regions significantly exceed that in the western hills and the Taihu region,which is closely related to the less increase of impervious surface percentage over those regions.Spatiotemporal patterns of runoff generation variation obtained from this paper provides crucial prior knowledge for deeply understanding the evolution of basin-region-urban flood control pattern.Moreover,it contributes to scientifically enhance coordination between the three levels of flood control system in the TB with the continuous development of urbanization.

关 键 词：城镇化 太湖流域 产水量变化 时空分布 

分 类 号：P333[天文地球—水文科学]