越南大学二年级学生习得汉语“得”字情态补语的偏误分析  

An Error Analysis on Chinese Model Complement Structure with “de”(得) Made by Vietnamese Students

作　　者：吴氏庆芝 吴氏金环 Ngo Thi Khanh Chi;Ngo Thi Kim Hoan(Faculty of Chinese,East China Normal University,Shanghai 200241 China;Falcuty of Chinese,Hanoi National University of Education,Hanoi 100803 Vietnam;Faculty of Primary Education ,Hanoi Metropolitan University,Hanoi 100803 Vietnam)

机构地区：[1]华东师范大学中文系,中国上海200241 [2]越南河内师范大学中文系,越南河内100803 [3]越南河内首都师范大学,越南河内100803

出　　处：《海外华文教育》2019年第3期61-71,共11页Overseas Chinese Education

摘　　要：通过汉越对比的方法,本文将汉语"得"字结构与其在越南语的一些相对应的表达形式如:"den muc""làm(cho)"进行对比分析,并指出两者之间存在的异同。对比结果发现:汉语"得"字情态补语在越南语的对应表达可分为无标记与有标记如"den muc""làm(cho)"等两种。此外,通过访谈和问卷调查的方法,对越南二年级大学生习得汉语"得"字情态补语的偏误分析进行考察,并对其调查的结果进行分类。问卷调查的结果发现越南学生习得汉语"得"字情态补语时常犯遗漏、误加、误代、回避等四种偏误类型。本文在偏误分析的基础上提出一些教学上的建议以提高越南学生的汉语水平。By using comparison method,the article performs an analytical comparison on the Chinese model complement structure with"de"(得)to expressions"den muc""lam(cho)"in Vietnamese correspondingly in order to find out the similarities and differences between the two languages.The result demonstrates that,the Chinese model complement structure with"de"(得)can be divided into two types comprising non-remarkable and remarkable as expression"den muc""lam(cho)"in Vietnamese.In addition,by employing interview and questionnaire,the article analyzes the second year students’errors in the learning process of the Chinese model complement structure with"de"(得).The result of the survey shows that students often make four mistakes including misuse,addition,avoidance and omission.Based on errors classification,the article offers some suggestions in teaching and learning to enhance the level of students’Chinese.

关 键 词：汉语“得”结构 对比分析 越南语的“den muc”“làm(cho)” 异同 

分 类 号：H195.4[语言文字—汉语]