霍布斯的“自然状态”是基于英国内战的一种思想实验假设——与陈建洪、姚大志二位教授商榷  

Hobbesian State of Nature as a Hypothetical Thought Experiment Based upon English Civil War: A Discussion with Chen Jianhong and Yao Dazhi

作　　者：段忠桥[1] Duan Zhongqiao

机构地区：[1]中国人民大学哲学院

出　　处：《世界哲学》2019年第5期55-61,160,共8页World Philosophy

基　　金：北京市社会科学基金重大项目“平等主义研究”(项目编号:15ZDA29)的阶段性成果

摘　　要：霍布斯在《利维坦》一书中从假设的自然状态出发,以自然状态必定是战争状态为由,对国家存在的正当性做了论证。本文通过对陈建洪教授的霍布斯认为自然状态是以美洲的原始部落为其“历史事实基础”的说法,和姚大志教授的霍布斯把“国家产生之前的原始时代”称为自然状态的说法的质疑,表明自然状态在霍布斯那里只是一种基于英国内战的思想实验假设。Hobbes provides an argument to legitimize the existence of states in Leviathan.His argument starts from the hypothesis that the state of nature is a state of war.Chen Jianhong holds that Hobbes deploys the American aboriginal tribes as the“historical factual basis”to his idea of the state of nature.Yao Dazhi also regards the pre-historical ages predating the emergence of states as the instance of Hobbesian state of nature.This article questions these views and proposes that Hobbesian state of nature should be read as hypothetical thought experiment based on English civil war.

关 键 词：霍布斯 自然状态 历史事实 思想实验 假设 

分 类 号：B141[哲学宗教—世界哲学]