双季杂交水稻株型和产量构成的边际效应  

Border Effect on Plant-leaf Type and Yield Components in Double Season Hybrid Rice

作　　者：吴延寿[1] 熊运华[1] 邱在辉[1] 陈春莲[1] 黄永萍[1] 尹建华[1] WU Yan-shou;XIONG Yun-hua;QIU Zai-hui;CHEN Chun-lian;YIN Jian-hua(Rice Research Institute,Jiangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences/National Engineering Laboratory for Rice(Nanchang),Nanchang 330200,China)

机构地区：[1]江西省农业科学院水稻研究所/水稻国家工程实验室(南昌)

出　　处：《江西农业大学学报》2019年第4期649-656,共8页Acta Agriculturae Universitatis Jiangxiensis

基　　金：江西省水稻产业技术体系(JXARS-02);江西优势科技创新团队建设项目(20142BCB24010)~~

摘　　要：利用江西省双季稻区域试验品种,通过调节栽插密度在田间分别设置四边、双边、单边和无边际效应4种处理的边际类型种植,收获后考察各处理的株叶形态参数和产量构成要素。结果表明两季水稻各品种有效穗数、叶长和穗长均随着边际的减少而呈现下降趋势。近一半早稻品种的株高随着边际的减少而降低,所有早稻品种的叶宽均随着边际的减少略有增加,但晚稻品种的株高和叶宽在不同边际类型中变化差异不大。在早稻大部分品种的双边和单边边际类型中,剑叶角度和叶尖角度均比四边和无边际类型中的角度要小,晚稻在不同边际类型中增减趋势表现不一。穗粒数在早稻季所有品种中均随着边际类型的减少而减少,晚稻只有部分下降。千粒质量在双季稻不同品种和不同边际效应类型中基本保持稳定。综合理论产量,对于穗粒数较多的杂交水稻宜采用本研究中单边边际类型或双边边际类型种植。The border effects of four types including four sides,two sides,single side and no side were evaluated using double season rice varieties in the rice regional trial.Plant-leaf types and yield components were investigated in the experiment.The results indicated that the effective tiller,the length of flag,and the length of panicle all showed a declining trend along with the reduce of border type.The plant height of half of the early season rice varieties reduced with the reduce of border type,while the flag width of all the varieties showed an increasing trend slightly.However,the plant height and flag width of the late season rice varieties all had no difference among different border types.The angle of flag leaf and flag apex of most of the early season rice varieties were smaller in two sides and single side types than those in four sides and no side types,whereas the increasing and decreasing trend varied in the late-rice varieties.The grain per panicle reduced with the reduce of border type in all the early season rice varieties but in part of the late season rice varieties.The 1 000-grain weight remained stable in all the rice varieties and border types.Synthesizing the theoretical yield,the types of single side or two sides in this study are suitable cultivated models for the rice varieties with more grains per spike.

关 键 词：杂交水稻 边际效应 株叶形态 产量构成 

分 类 号：S338[农业科学—作物遗传育种] S511.04[农业科学—农艺学]