Small size does not restrain frugivory and seed dispersal across the evolutionary radiation of Galapagos lava lizards  

作　　者：Sandra HERVIAS-PAREJO Ruben HELENO Beatriz RUMEU Beatriz GUZMAN Pablo VARGAS Jens M. OLESEN Anna TRAVESET Carlos VERA Edgar BENAVIDES Manuel NOGALES 

机构地区：[1]Institut Mediterrani d'Estudis Avanqats (CSIC-UIB), Global Change Research Group, Mallorca, Balearic Islands, Spain [2]Centre for Functional Ecology, Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, Portugal [3]Real Jardin Botanico (CSIC-RJB), Madrid, Spain [4]Department of Bioscience, Aarhus University, Denmark [5]Galapagos National Park, Puerto Ayora, Santa Cruz, Galapagos, Ecuador [6]Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Yale University, USA [7]lnstituto de Productos Naturales, Agrobiologia (CSIC-IPNA), Island Ecology and Evolution Research Group, Canary Islands, Spain

出　　处：《Current Zoology》2019年第4期353-361,共9页动物学报（英文版）

摘　　要：Frugivory in lizards is often assumed to be constrained by body size;only large individuals are considered capable of consuming fruits, with the potential of acting as seed dispersers. However, only one previous study has tested the correlation of frugivory with body and head size at an archipelago scale across closely related species. All nine lava lizards (Microlophus spp.) were studied on the eleven largest Galapagos islands from 2010 to 2016 to investigate whether frugivory is related to body and head size. We also tested whether fruit abunda nee in flue nces fruit con sumption and explored the effect of seed ingestion on seedling emergence time and percentage. Our results showed that across islands, lava lizards varied considerably in size (64-102 mm in mean snoutvent length) and level of frugivory (1-23%, i.e., percentage of droppings with seeds). However, level of frugivory was only weakly affected by size as fruit consumption was also common among small lizards. Lava lizards consumed fruits throughout the year and factors other than fruit abundance may be more importa nt drivers of fruit selecti on (e.g., fruit size, energy con tent of pulp). From 2,530 droppings, 1,714 seeds of at least 61 plant species were identified, 76% of the species being native to the Galapagos. Most seeds (91%) showed no external structural damage. Seedling emergence time (44 versus 118 days) and percentage (20% versus 12%) were enhanced for lizardingested seeds compared to control (uningested) fruits. De-pulping by lizards (i.e., removal of pulp with potential germi nation inhibitors) might in crease the chances that at least some seeds find suitable recruitment conditi ons. We con eluded that lizards are importa nt seed dispersers throughout the year and across the whole archipelago, regardless of body size.

关 键 词：Microlophus oceanic islands plant-animal interactions SEED DISPERSER size SEED dispersal effectiveness seedling emergence 

分 类 号：Q[生物学]