物联网下最优路径选取模型的设计与仿真  

Design and Simulation of Optimal Path Selection Model under Internet of Things

作　　者：熊凡[1,2] XIONG Fan(School Computer Science and Engineering,Wuhan Institute of Technology,Wuhan Hubei 430000,China;Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Intelligent Robot,Wuhan Hubei 430000,China)

机构地区：[1]武汉工程大学计算机科学与工程学院 [2]智能机器人湖北省重点实验室

出　　处：《计算机仿真》2019年第8期271-275,共5页Computer Simulation

摘　　要：针对当前物联网下传感器节点移动最优路径选取过程中受网络规模影响,存在节点平均能耗较髙、节点平均传输延时较长、网络生存时间较短的缺陷,提出并建立了基于蚂蚁寻径的物联网下最优路径选取模型。模型在给出模型假设条件基础上,将网络监测区域划分为若干个大小相同的网格。通过分析汇聚节点在停留网格位置的全节点覆盖条件和所有传感器节点通信能耗,构建考虑网络生存时间和移动路程的最优路径选取模型,并采用蚂蚁寻径原理对该模型求解,选取蚂蚁信息素浓度值最大概率的路段作为蚂蚁前进路径,判断食物源的下一跳节点是否为目标节点,如果二者不重合,则重新选择食物源的下一跳节点,按顺序提取蚂蚁所遍历的路径,并按照全局更新规则对蚂蚁所遍历的路径信息素浓度进行全局更新,直到输出使得网络生存时间大于等于时间阈值的汇聚节点移动最优路径。仿真结果表明,所建模型不仅降低了节点平均能耗,缩短了节点平均传输延时,而且延长了网络生存时间。Aiming at the defect of the optimal path selection of sensor nodes under the current Internet of Things, the average energy consumption of nodes, the average transmission delay of nodes is long, and the network lifetime is short. The paper proposed an optimal path selection model based on the ant path finding principle under the Internet of Things. The model divides the network monitoring area into several grids of the same size based on the assumptions of the model. By analyzing the full-node coverage conditions of the cluster nodes at the grid position, the energy consumption of all sensor nodes was communicated, and the optimal path selection model considering network survival time and moving distance was constructed. The model was solved with the ant path finding principle. The road segment with the maximum probability of ant pheromone concentration value was selected as the ant forward path. Whether the next hop node of the food source was the target node, the next hop node of the food source was re-selected if the two didnt coincide. The path traversed by the ant was extracted in order, and the path information traversed by the ant was obtained according to the global update rule. Global concentration was updated until the output makes the network lifetime longer than Time threshold convergence node the optimal path of movement. The simulation results show that the model not only reduces the average energy consumption of the nodes, but also shortens the average transmission delay of the nodes and prolongs the network lifetime.

关 键 词：物联网 最优路径 选取模型 设计 

分 类 号：TP393[自动化与计算机技术—计算机应用技术]