The Reference Genome Sequence of Scutellaria baicalensis Provides Insights into the Evolution of Wogonin Biosynthesis  

作　　者：Qing Zhao Jun Yang Meng-Ying Cui Jie Liu Yumin Fang Mengxiao Yan Wenqing Qiu Huiwen Shang Zhicheng Xu Reheman Yidiresi Jing-Ke Weng Tomas Pluskal Marielle Vigouroux Burkhard Steuernagel Yukun Wei Lei Yang Yonghong Hu Xiao-Ya Chen Cathie Martin 

机构地区：[1]Shanghai Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Resources, Shanghai Chenshan Botanical Garden, Shanghai Chenshan Plant Science Research Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China [2]State Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China [3]Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China [4]Novogene Bioinformatics Institute, Beijing, China [5]Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, 455 Main Street, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA [6]Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA [7]John Innes Centre, Norwich NR4 7UH, UK

出　　处：《Molecular Plant》2019年第7期935-950,共16页分子植物（英文版）

基　　金：National Key R&D Program of China (2018YFC1706200,2018YFD1000701-4);the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31870282, 31700268 and 31788103);the Fund of Chinese Academy of Sciences (QYZDY-SSW-SMC026 and 153D31KYSB20160074);the Chenshan Special Fund for Shanghai Landscaping Administration Bureau Program (G182401, G172402, G182402, G192413, and G192414);the CAS/JIC and Center of Excellence for Plant and Microbial Sciences (CEPAMS) joint foundation through support to Q.Z., X.Y.C., J.Y., and C.M. Q.Z. and J.Y. were also supported by the Youth Innovation Promotion Association, Chinese Academy of Sciences.

摘　　要：Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi is important in Chinese traditional medicine where preparations of dried roots,"Huang Qin," are used for liver and lung complaints and as complementary cancer treatments. We report a high-quality reference genome sequence for S. baicalensis where 93% of the 408.14-Mb genome has been assembled into nine pseudochromosomes with a super-N50 of 33.2 Mb. Comparison of this sequence with those of closely related species in the order Lamiales, sesamum indicum and Salvia splendens,revealed that a specialized metabolic pathway for the synthesis of 4'-deoxyflavone bioactives evolved in the genus Scu-tellaria. We found that the gene encoding a specific cinnamate coenzyme A ligase likely obtained its newfunc- tion following recent mutations, and that four genes encoding enzymes in the 4'-deoxyflavone pathway are present as tandem repeats in the genome of S. baicalensis. Further analyses revealed that gene duplications, segmental duplication, gene amplification, and point mutations coupled to gene neo- and subfunctionaliza-tions were involved in the evolution of 4'-deoxyflavone synthesis in the genus Scutellaria. Our study not only provides significant insight into the evolution of specific flavone biosynthetic pathways in the mint family, Lamiaceae, but also will facilitate the development of tools for enhancing bioactive productivity by metabolic engineering in microbes or by molecular breeding in plants. The reference genome of S. baicalensis is also useful for improving the genome assemblies for other members of the mint family and offers an important foundation for decoding the synthetic pathways of bioactive compounds in medicinal plants.

关 键 词：GENOME skullcap 4’-deoxyflavone traditional Chinese medicine HUANG Qin:evolution specialized METABOLISM 

分 类 号：Q[生物学]