社会互动视角下人际公平形成的脑机制  

Neural mechanisms of fairness formation in the perspective of social interactions

作　　者：张如倩 刘洁琼 李先春 ZHANG Ruqian;LIU Jieqiong;LI Xianchun(Key Laboratory of Child Development and Learning Science (Southeast University),Ministry of Education,Nanjing 210096,China;The School of Psychology and Cognitive Science,East China Normal University,Shanghai 200062,China;Shanghai Changning-ECNU Mental Health Center,Shanghai 200335,China)

机构地区：[1]东南大学儿童发展与学习科学教育部重点实验室,南京210096 [2]华东师范大学心理与认知科学学院,上海200062 [3]上海长宁-华东师大精神卫生中心,上海200335

出　　处：《心理学报》2019年第9期1007-1017,共11页Acta Psychologica Sinica

基　　金：东南大学基本科研业务费资助项目(CDLS-2018-02);上海市卫计委重点专科项目(ZK2015B01),上海市卫计委项目(201540114)资助

摘　　要：最后通牒博弈任务被广泛用以探究公平行为,以往研究大多集中于对博弈中某一方决策行为和神经机制的探讨,但是人际公平可能是互动双方重复博弈的结果。因此只考察单个大脑活动,并不足以揭示由互动双方共同完成的社会认知活动的脑机制。因此,本研究结合修改版的最后通牒博弈任务和基于fNIRS的超扫描技术,从群体脑水平上考察人际公平形成的脑机制。行为结果显示,相比无惩罚条件,惩罚下提议者的分配金额更高,且惩罚力度越强,分配越趋近公平分配。fNIRS的结果显示,惩罚下右侧背外侧前额叶皮层、顶下小叶和颞?顶联合区的脑间活动同步性显著强于无惩罚条件,而且两条件的分配金额差异越大,右侧顶下小叶的脑间活动同步性差异也越大。综上,脑间活动同步性可以作为惩罚下人际公平形成的客观脑指标,研究为探讨人际公平的内在机制提供了新的视角。Interpersonal fairness plays an important role in human life.Punishment is one of the most fundamental factors in the formation of interpersonal fairness.Although many neuroscience studies have used interactive economic games to explore the neural mechanisms that underlie fair norms'enforcement and compliance,single brain studies cannot make researchers achieve a complete understanding of the intrinsic mechanisms related to dynamic interactions.Hyperscanning techniques can allow researchers to measure the brain activity of two or Interpersonal fairness plays an important role in human life.Punishment is one of the most fundamental factors in the formation of interpersonal fairness.Although many neuroscience studies have used interactive economic games to explore the neural mechanisms that underlie fair norms'enforcement and compliance,single brain studies cannot make researchers achieve a complete understanding of the intrinsic mechanisms related to dynamic interactions.Hyperscanning techniques can allow researchers to measure the brain activity of two or more persons simultaneously while they complete cognitive tasks under natural conditions.Therefore,we used fNIRS-based hyperscanning to evaluate changes in behavior and interpersonal neural synchronization(INS)during the formation of interpersonal fairness.The experimental paradigm referred to the adapted ultimatum game(UG).There were two conditions in our study,punishment and voluntary condition.In the punishment condition,the proposer(A)introduced a distribution scheme.When the recipient(B)accepted it,both of them received money according to the distribution scheme.If B thought that this distribution was unfair,he or she could punish A by spending all or part of their money to reduce A's gains.One RMB invested in punishment led to a reduction in A's gains by 5 RMB.However,in the voluntary condition,B was obligated to accept the offer no matter how much A allocated to him or her.The task included 50 trials altogether,25 trials for each condition.The trials of t

关 键 词：人际公平 惩罚 脑间活动同步性 功能近红外光谱技术 超扫描技术 

分 类 号：B845[哲学宗教—心理学] B849