采用电动力绳系清除空间碎片的优劣势分析  

Benefits and Risk Analysis of Electrodynamic Tethered Space Debris Removal Method

作　　者：唐琼[1] 张烽[1] 张雨佳 TANG Qiong;ZHANG Feng;ZHANG Yu-jia(Research and Development Department, China Academy of LaunchVehicle Technology, Beijing 100076, China)

机构地区：[1]中国运载火箭技术研究院研究发展部

出　　处：《空间碎片研究》2019年第2期39-43,共5页Space Debris Research

摘　　要：通过实施电动阻力,电动力绳系可以安全快速地实现近地轨道失效航天器(燃料耗尽或功能失效)的快速离轨。与传统的基于火箭的离轨系统相比,电动力绳系离轨系统因质量更小而颇具优势。然而,力绳系统比典型的航天器更易受到空间碎片的影响,因而需要在应用之前保证系统设计在一定置信水平下是安全的。在此背景下,本文对采用电动力绳系系统清除空间碎片的优劣势进行了分析,并基于一些假设评估电动力绳系执行离轨任务的生存概率,同时,对采用电动力绳系系统开展近地轨道航天器离轨的潜在风险进行了说明,最终给出若干结论和建议。The electrodynamic tethered system can safely and quickly de-orbit a defunct spacecraft in low earth orbit by applying electriodynamic drag. Compared with the conventional rocket-based deorbit systems, the electro-dynamic tethered deorbit system is superior in many aspects due to its smaller mass. However, a tether system is much more vulnerable to space debris impacts. Therefore,it is highly necessary to ensure that the tether system design is safe to a certain confidence level before its applications. This paper introduces the benefits and risks of using tethers in space, and evaluates the survival probability of the electrodynamic tethered deorbit system. Finally, it offers some general conclusions and recommendations about this issue.

关 键 词：电动力绳系 空间碎片清除 

分 类 号：V442[航空宇航科学与技术—飞行器设计]