超声波辅助酸酶法提取碎米抗性淀粉工艺的优化  

Optimization of ultrasonic-assisted acid enzymatic extraction of resistant starch from broken rice

作　　者：祝水兰[1] 周巾英[1] 刘光宪[1] 冯健雄[1] 张灿权[1] 杨平[1] ZHU Shui-lan;ZHOU Jin-ying;LIU Guang-xian;FENG Jian-xiong;ZHANG Can-quan*;YANG Ping(Jiangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Nanchang 330200,China)

机构地区：[1]江西省农业科学院

出　　处：《南方农业学报》2019年第8期1814-1821,共8页Journal of Southern Agriculture

基　　金：江西省科技支撑计划重点项目(20151BBF60021,20161BBF60127)

摘　　要：【目的】优化超声波辅助酸酶法提取抗性淀粉工艺条件,为碎米抗性淀粉的提取和高值化利用提供技术支持。【方法】以碎米淀粉为原料,抗性淀粉提取率为评价指标,在单因素试验基础上,利用Design-Expert 8.05进行响应面分析,并建立二次多项式数学模型,依据回归分析确定超声波辅助酸酶法提取抗性淀粉的最优工艺条件。【结果】建立了抗性淀粉提取率(Y)对盐酸浓度(A)、酶用量(B)、酸解时间(C)和超声波时间(D)的二次回归方程:Y=51.99+1.03A+0.93B+0.88C-0.64D-0.55AB+0.58AC-0.73AD+1.12BC+0.56BD+0.52CD-1.25A^2-2.28B^2-5.24C^2-1.60D^2。各因素对碎米抗性淀粉提取率的影响排序为盐酸浓度>酶用量>酸解时间>超声波时间;酶用量与酸解时间的交互作用对碎米抗性淀粉提取率影响极显著(P<0.01),盐酸浓度与超声波时间的交互作用影响显著(P<0.05)。超声波辅助酸酶法提取抗性淀粉最优工艺条件为:盐酸浓度0.5 mol/L、酶用量3.5 U/g、酸解时间1.5 h、超声波时间25 min,在此条件下,抗性淀粉提取率为51.99%,与预测值(52.44%)接近。【结论】通过响应面试验优化的超声波辅助酸酶法可有效提取碎米抗性淀粉,建立的回归模型可用于实际生产预测。【Objective】The presented study aimed to optimize the process conditions of ultrasonic-assisted acid and enzymatic extraction of resistant starch and provide technical support for extraction and high-value utilization of resistant starch from broken rice.【Method】Broken rice starch was used as raw material,and the resistant starch yield was as the evaluation indicator. Based on the results of single factor experiment,response surface analysis by Design-Expert 8.05 software was conducted to establish mathematical models for the extraction process of resistant starch of broken rice,and the optimal protease conditions were determined by regression equation.【Result】The quadratic regression equation of yield of resistant starch(Y)to hydrochloric acid concentration(A),enzyme dosage(B),acidolysis time(C)and ultrasonic time(D)was established:Y=51.99+1.03A+0.93B+0.88C-0.64D-0.55AB+0.58AC-0.73AD+1.12BC+0.56BD+0.52CD-1.25A^2-2.28B^2-5.24C^2-1.60D^2. The effects of various factors on the extraction rate of the order of resistant starch was as follows: the hydrochloric acid concentration>enzyme dosage>acidolysis time>ultrasonic time. The interaction between enzyme dosage and acid hydrolysis time had extremely significant effects on the extraction rate of resistant starch from broken rice(P<0.01),and the interaction between hydrochloric acid concentration and ultrasonic time had significant effects (P<0.05). The optimal resistant starch extraction by ultrasonic-assisted acid and enzymatic extraction method was:hydrochloric acid concentration 0.5 mol/L,enzyme adding was 3.5 U/g,acidolysis time 1.5 h and ultrasonic time 25 min. Under this condition,the extraction rate of resistant starch was 51.99%,which was similar to the theoretical value (52.44%).【Conclusion】The ultrasonic-assisted acid and enzymatic extraction process optimized by response surface test can effectively extract the resistant starch from broken rice. The established regression model can be used to predict the actual production.

关 键 词：碎米 超声波 酸酶法 抗性淀粉提取率 响应面分析 

分 类 号：S511.2[农业科学—作物学] TS201.21[轻工技术与工程—食品科学]