原位自生TiCp/6061复合材料的组织、硬度及耐磨性能  

Microstructure,Hardness and Wear Resistance Properties of In-situ TiCp/6061 Composites

作　　者：庄伟彬[1] 田宗伟 刘广柱 孙跃军[1] ZHUANG Weibin;TIAN Zongwei;LIU Guangzhu;SUN Yuejun(College of Materials Science and Engineering, Liaoning Technical University, Fuxin 123000)

机构地区：[1]辽宁工程技术大学材料科学与工程学院

出　　处：《材料导报》2019年第22期3762-3767,共6页Materials Reports

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年基金(51601085);辽宁省自然科学基金(20180551116)~~

摘　　要：采用接触反应法制备了原位自生TiCp/6061复合材料,利用XRD和SEM对复合材料进行物相分析及微观形貌观察,用6061铝合金基体材料作为对比,研究了增强粒子含量对复合材料硬度和摩擦磨损行为的影响。结果表明,采用接触反应法,以Ti粉、C粉和Al粉作为生成TiC增强相的原材料,可直接在6061铝合金基体中原位生成TiC颗粒,TiC颗粒呈规则多边形,尺寸为0.5~1μm。随着增强粒子含量的增加,原位自生TiCp/6061复合材料的硬度明显提高,T6热处理后5%(质量分数)的TiCp/6061复合材料的硬度为120.5HBS,比基体6061铝合金提高了28.1%。这是TiC颗粒对6061基体材料的位错强化和细晶强化综合作用的结果。此外,随着增强粒子含量的提高,原位自生TiCp/6061复合材料的耐磨性也增强;T6热处理后,在100 N恒压作用下与GCR15材料对磨300 s,基体6061铝合金失重是5%(质量分数)TiCp/6061复合材料的2倍。其原因在于TiC颗粒含量的提高减小了对磨材料与复合材料的有效接触面积,从而增强了原位自生TiCp/6061复合材料的耐磨性能。In-situ TiC particle reinforced 6061 aluminum matrix composites were manufactured by contact reaction. Phase analysis and microstructure observation of the in-situ TiCp/6061 composites were conducted by XRD and SEM, respectively. Taking the 6061 aluminum alloy matrix as comparison, the impact of the mass fraction of reinforcing particles on hardness, friction and wear behavior of the in-situ TiCp/6061 composites was explored. The contact reaction was carried out with Ti powder, C powder and Al powder as raw materials, the direct and in-situ formation of TiC particles could be achieved in 6061 aluminum alloy. The in-situ formed TiC particles presented regular polygons with a size of 0.5-1 μm. The increase of TiC particle content would give rise to a notable improvement in hardness of in-situ TiCp/6061 composites. After heat treatment of T6, the hardness of 5wt% TiCp/6061 composites reached 120.5HBS, 28.1% higher than that of 6061 aluminum alloy, which might be attributed to the combined action of dislocation strengthening and fine grain strengthening of the in-situ formed TiC particles on 6061 matrix materials. Meanwhile, the growing mass content of TiC particles would also bring about the enhancement in wear resistance of in-situ TiCp/6061 compo-sites. After heat treatment of T6, and grinding with GCR15 under constant pressures of 100 N for 300 s, the mass loss of matrix 6061 aluminum alloy was twice of that of the 5wt% TiCp/6061 composite. The reason of this phenomenon is that the increase of TiC particles content lead to the reduction of the effective contact area between the grinding material and the composites, thus the in-situ TiCp/6061 composites with higher TiC particle mass content perform satisfactory wear resistance.

关 键 词：原位自生 TiCp/6061复合材料 微观组织 摩擦磨损 

分 类 号：TB331[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]