汞胁迫对4个草坪草品种幼苗生理特性及养分积累的影响  

Effects of Hg2+ Stress on Physiological Characteristics and Nutrient Accumulation of Four Turfgrass Varieties at Seedling Stage

作　　者：杜建雄 李剑峰 张淑卿 袁涓文 吕世勇 DU Jian-xiong;LI Jian-feng;ZHANG Shu-qing;YUAN Juan-wen;LV Shi-yong(School of Public Administration, Guizhou University of Finance and Economics, Guizhou Guiyang 550025, China;Institute of Soil and Environment Bioremediation in Kaist Habitats, Guizhou Normal College, Guizhou Guiyang 550018, China)

机构地区：[1]贵州财经大学公管学院,贵州贵阳550025 [2]贵州师范学院喀斯特生境土壤与环境生物修复研究所,贵州贵阳550018

出　　处：《西南农业学报》2019年第8期1767-1772,共6页Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：贵州省科学技术基金项目“贵州万山汞矿区生态修复草坪草品种选育及适应性研究”[黔科合J字(2014)2049];贵州省科学技术基金项目“基于植物源抑菌剂的解磷根瘤菌抗污染菌剂制备研究”[黔科合J字(2014)2137];贵州省教育厅自然科学研究项目“基于解磷菌胞外聚合物的磷肥包埋缓释技术研究”[黔教合KY字(2015)377];国家自然科学基金项目“石漠先锋植物金银花-根际解磷菌的协同解磷机理研究”(41561072);“内生根瘤菌随豆科牧草种子进入石漠瘠薄生境并定殖于土壤的机理研究”(31660691);贵州财经大学公共管理一流学科建设项目

摘　　要：[目的]为汞污染地区土壤生物修复提供合适的草坪草品种。[方法]通过土培盆栽试验模拟汞胁迫环境,选取4个不同草坪草品种(黑麦草马达,一年生黑麦草盛宴,紫羊茅派尼和传奇),测定不同浓度Hg^2+胁迫下草坪草幼苗叶绿素含量、叶片原初光能转化效率(Fv/Fm)、可溶性糖(SS)含量、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性、丙二醛(MDA)含量、叶片相对电导率及植株的N、P、K积累特性。[结果]随着Hg2+浓度升高,4个草坪草叶片叶绿素含量、Fv/Fm以及N、P、K积累持续下降,SS含量和SOD活性先升后降,MDA含量和叶片相对电导率持续上升。75~100 mg/kg Hg^2+胁迫下,4个草坪草叶绿素含量、Fv/Fm值、SS含量、SOD活性和N、P、K积累量较对照(空白)均显著下降(P<0.05),MDA含量和相对电导率则显著上升(P<0.05),高浓度Hg2+胁迫明显影响4个草坪草幼苗叶片细胞膜透性及N、P、K积累量,从而使植株生长受到严重抑制甚至死亡。[结论]对比4个草坪草品种在不同浓度Hg^2+胁迫下各项指标的变化情况,Hg2+胁迫下一年生黑麦草盛宴比黑麦草马达、紫羊茅派尼和传奇受到的伤害程度低,显示出较强的耐汞胁迫能力,可作为汞污染土壤生物修复中优选的草坪草品种。[Objective]to provide the suitable turfgrass varieties for soil bioremediation in Hg^2+ contaminated region.[Method]The leaf chlorophyll content,Fv/Fm,soluble sugar content,SOD activity,MDA content,leaf relative conductance and N,P and K accumulation characteristics of four tested turgrass varieties were determined by a pot simulation experiment of Hg^2+ stress.[Result]With increase of Hg^2+concentration,the leaf chlorophyll content,F_v/F_m and N,P and K accumulation declined continuously,soluble sugar content and SOD activity showed a first rising and then declining trend,and MDA content and leaf relative conductance increased continuously.The leaf chlorophyll content,Fv/Fm,soluble sugar content,SOD activity and N,P and K accumulation of four turgrass varieties under 75-100 mg/kg Hg^2+ stress reduced significantly compared with CK but MDA content and relative conductance increased significantly.High Hg^2+ concentration had the significant effects on leaf cell membrane permeability and N,P and K accumulation of seedlings of four tested turfgrass varieties,which severely inhibited plant growth and causes death of plants.[Conclusion]The annual ryegrass variety(Shengyan)with the strongest tolerance to Hg^2+ stress among four tested turfgrass varieties can be selected as the optimized tufgrass variety for bioremediation of Hg^2+-contaminated soil.

关 键 词：汞胁迫 黑麦草 紫羊茅 草坪草 生理特性 养分积累 

分 类 号：S688.4[农业科学—观赏园艺]