间充质干细胞来源的外泌体在血管损伤修复中的研究进展  

Research Progress of Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Exosomes in Repair of Vascular Injury

作　　者：李禹兵[1] 高凌[1] 罗登[1] LI Yubing;GAO Ling;LUO Deng(Department of Endocrinology,Remin Hospital of Wuhan University,Wuhan 430060,China)

机构地区：[1]武汉大学人民医院内分泌科

出　　处：《医学综述》2019年第16期3159-3163,共5页Medical Recapitulate

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(81571376)

摘　　要：血管损伤主要与血管炎症反应、氧化应激、细胞凋亡、血管新生障碍、血管重构和巨噬细胞极化有关。血管损伤或功能障碍极大影响组织的再生。间充质干细胞具有减轻炎症反应和抑制免疫的生物学功能,能特异性地聚集到受损部位,在血管损伤修复中有一定的优势,但干细胞移植存在免疫排斥、滞留率低、存活率低和细胞移植致瘤风险,具有一定的局限性。间充质干细胞来源的外泌体(MSC-EXO)在血管损伤修复中具有重要作用,其作用机制包括抗血管炎症反应、抑制氧化应激、抗细胞凋亡等。根据MSC-EXO的生物学特点,其可能在胸主动脉瘤的治疗中发挥重要作用。但目前国内外有关MSC-EXO对胸主动脉瘤修复的文献报道较少,未来可进一步探索。Vascular injury is mainly associated with vascular inflammatory response,oxidative stress,apoptosis,angiogenesis disorders,vascular remodeling, and macrophage polarization.Vascular injury or dysfunction greatly affects tissue regeneration .Mesenchymal stem cells have biological functions of reducing inflammation and inhibiting immunity.They can specifically aggregate to damaged sites and have certain advantages in vascular injury repair.However,stem cell transplantation has some limitations,such as immune rejection,low retention rate,and the cell transplantation tumorigenesis risk. Mesenchymal stem cell- derived exosomes(MSC-EXO) plays an important role in the repair of vascular injury.Its mechanisms include anti-angiogenic response,inhibition of oxidative stress and anti-apoptosis.According to the biological characteristics of MSC- EXO,it may play an important role in the treatment of thoracic aortic aneurysm.However,there are few reports on the repair of thoracic aortic aneurysms by MSC-EXO at home and abroad,which can be further explored in the future .

关 键 词：血管损伤修复 间充质干细胞 外泌体 

分 类 号：R543[医药卫生—心血管疾病]