卵巢癌中BRCA突变及PARP抑制剂的应用  

BRCA Mutations and Application of PARP Inhibitors in Ovarian Cancer

作　　者：李可君[1] 夏颖 岳秀英[1] LI Kejun;XIA Ying;YUE Xiuying(Baodi Clinical College of Tianjin Medical University,Tianjin 301800,China)

机构地区：[1]天津医科大学宝坻临床学院

出　　处：《医学综述》2019年第17期3405-3410,共6页Medical Recapitulate

摘　　要：乳腺癌易感基因(BRCA)1/2突变是遗传性乳腺癌和卵巢癌综合征的主要危险因素,BRCA突变携带者易患妇科恶性肿瘤,尤其是高级别浆液性卵巢癌。BRCA突变产生的DNA修复通路缺陷使卵巢癌患者对铂类化疗和多腺苷二磷酸核糖聚合酶(PARP)抑制剂等高度敏感。BRCA突变检测是卵巢癌风险评估、预后、治疗和预防的关键步骤,与卵巢癌的预后关系密切。PARP抑制剂可用于多种DNA损伤的修复,有效治疗卵巢癌。由于BRCA突变产生的DNA修复通路缺陷使其对铂类化疗和PARP抑制剂等高度敏感,可作为铂类化疗后复发性卵巢癌的维持治疗。Breast cancer susceptibility gene(BRCA)1/2 mutation is the main risk factor for hereditary breast cancer and ovarian cancer syndrome.The carriers of BRCA mutation are susceptible to malignant gynecologic tumors,especially high-grade serous ovarian cancer.BRCA mutation detection is a key step in risk assessment,treatment and prevention of ovarian cancer,and is closely related to the prognosis of ovarian cancer.Poly adenosine diphosphate ribose polymerase(PARP)inhibitors can be used to repair multiple DNA damages and effectively treat ovarian cancer.DNA repair pathway defect caused by BRCA mutation makes it highly sensitive to platinum-based chemotherapy and PARP inhibitors,and PARP can be used as maintenance therapy for recurrent ovarian cancer after platinum-based chemotherapy.

关 键 词：卵巢癌 乳腺癌易感基因突变 多腺苷二磷酸核糖聚合酶抑制剂 

分 类 号：R711.75[医药卫生—妇产科学]