留苗密度对油后直播杂交水稻生长与产量性状的影响  

Effects of Seedling Density on Growth and Yield Traits of Direct Sowing Hybrid Rice After Harvesting Rape

作　　者：尹明玄 陶诗顺[1] 张荣萍 赖强龙 侯永康 胡雨寒 黄正 YIN Mingxuan;TAO Shishun;ZHANG Rongping;LAI Qianglong;HOU Yongkang;HU Yuhan;HUANG Zheng(Southwest University of Science and Technology,Mianyang,Sichuan 621000,China)

机构地区：[1]西南科技大学

出　　处：《贵州农业科学》2019年第8期13-17,共5页Guizhou Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目“川东油后杂交稻机械化播栽绿色高产高效技术集成与示范”(2018YFD0301204)

摘　　要：为完善杂交水稻油后直播栽培技术,实现水稻轻减化生产,以5个具有代表性的杂交水稻品种(大穗型品种F优498和宜香优1108与小穗型品种旌优127、晶两优1199和深两优871)为材料,设5种留苗密度(10.5株/m^2、15.75株/m^2、21株/m^2、26.25株/m^2和31.5株/m^2)进行油后直播栽培试验,分析不同留苗密度对油后直播杂交水稻生长与产量的影响,探究不同穗型杂交稻品种的适宜留苗密度。结果表明:随留苗密度增加,油后直播杂交水稻分蘖峰值出现的时间提早,生育期缩短1~3d,单株有效穗极显著减少,单位面积有效穗数先增加后趋于稳定。生产上杂交水稻油后直播栽培若采用小穗型水稻品种,留苗密度宜在21株/m^2左右;若采用大穗型水稻品种,选择分蘖较强、分蘖早发、单株穗粒数多、结实率高的品种,留苗密度宜在15.75株/m^2左右,配套合理的水肥管理,保证油后直播水稻高产稳产。The effects of five seedling densities(10.5 plants/m^2,15.75 plants/m^2,21 plants/m^2,26.25 plants/m^2,and 31.5 plants/m^2)on growth and yield of five hybrid rice varieties(F You 498 with heavy panicle type,Yixiangyou 1108 with heavy panicle type,Jingyou 127 with small panicle type,Jingliangyou 1199 with small panicle type and Shenliangyou 871 with small panicle type)were studied by a direct sowing cultivation test after harvesting rape to explore the optimum seedling density of hybrid rice varieties with different panicle type and to perfect cultivation technology of direct sowing hybrid rice after harvesting rape and realize the objective of labor-saving and low cost in rice production.Result:With increase of seedling density,the tillering peak time of direct sowing hybrid rice varieties is ahead of schedule,the growth period is shorten by 1-3 d,the effective panicle number per plant decreases very significantly and the effective panicle number per unit area increases firstly and then becomes stable.The suitable seedling density is 21 plants/m^2 for hybrid rice varieties with small panicle type and 15.75 plants/m^2 for hybrid rice varieties with heavy panicle type respectively.The rational water and fertilizer management can ensure high and stable yield of direct sowing hybrid rice varieties after harvesting rape.

关 键 词：油后直播 杂交稻 留苗密度 分蘖 生育期 产量 

分 类 号：S511[农业科学—作物学]