长期施有机肥对黄壤旱地不同粒径有机碳矿化的影响  

Effects of Long-term Organic Fertilizer Application on Organic Carbon Mineralization in Dry Land of Yellow Soil with Different Grain Sizes

作　　者：安世花 李渝 王小利[1] 段建军 张雅蓉 蒋太明 AN Shihua;LI Yu;WANG Xiaoli;DUAN Jianjun;ZHANG Yarong;JIANG Taiming(College of Agriculture,Guizhou University,Guiyang,Guizhou 550025;Guizhou Cultivated Land Conservation and Agricultural Environment Scientific Observation and Test Station of Ministry of Agriculture ,Guiyang,Guizhou 550006;College of Tobacco Science,Ghizhou key Laboratory for Tobacco Quality Research,Guizhou University,Guiyang,Guizhou 550025,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州大学农学院,贵州贵阳550025 [2]农业部贵州耕地保育与农业环境科学观测试验站,贵州贵阳550006 [3]贵州大学烟草学院/贵州省烟草品质研究重点实验室,贵州贵阳550025

出　　处：《贵州农业科学》2019年第8期47-51,共5页Guizhou Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目“长期施肥下典型黄壤稻田土壤有机碳及其组分的演变特征”(31360503);耕地培育技术国家工程实验室开放基金项目“长期施肥下黄壤性水稻土不同组分有机碳矿化的动态差异研究”(201701);贵州省农业科学院自主创新专项项目“黄壤性中低产田土壤改良与生产力提升关键技术研究”(黔农科院自主创新专项2014007);贵州省农业科学院自主创新专项项目“黄壤耕地肥力演变与地力提升路径创新及示范”[黔农科院科技创新(2017)06];贵州大学实验室开放项目“长期施有机肥对黄壤旱地土壤有机碳矿化及微生物量碳氮的影响”(SYSKF2018-1)

摘　　要：为揭示长期施肥对黄壤旱地不同粒径有机碳矿化的影响,探讨黄壤合理利用的培肥措施,依托贵州黄壤肥力与肥料效益监测基地的旱地长期施肥试验,以不施肥(CK)和单施有机肥(M)处理为研究对象,运用湿筛法、碱液吸收法、一级动力学方程进行分组、测定和拟合不同粒径组分的矿化指标。结果表明:长期施用有机肥黄壤旱地不同粒径组分有机碳的含量表现出显著性差异(P<0.05),4种不同粒径组分的有机碳含量依次为粗颗粒>微团聚体>单粉粒>单粘粒;单施有机肥的矿化速率在0.0011~0.3422g/(kg·d),累积矿化量在3.65~3.94g/kg。拟合结果表明,长期施用有机肥增加了粗颗粒和单粘粒的潜在可矿化碳含量,增长率为7.9%和7.2%。长期施用有机肥对黄壤旱地不同粒径有机碳的矿化具有重要影响,主要表现为随培养时间延长,矿化速率呈先快速下降,再缓慢升高和下降,最后趋于稳定的趋势;不同粒径土壤有机碳累积矿化量随培养时间延长逐渐增加,但有机碳累积释放强度逐渐减缓。In order to reveal the effects of long-term fertilization on the mineralization of different sizes of organic carbon in dry land of yellow soil,the fertilization measures for the rational use of yellow soil were explored,and the long-term fertilization experiment in the dry land of Guizhou Yellow Soil Fertility and Fertilizer Benefit Monitoring Base was adopted to prevent fertilization(CK)and single application.The organic fertilizer(M)treatment was used as the research object.The wet sieving method,the lye absorption method and the first-order kinetic equation were used to group,determine and fit the mineralization indexes of different particle size components.The results showed that the organic carbon content of different particle size components in the long-term application of organic fertilizer yellow soil showed significant difference(P<0.05).The organic carbon content of the four different particle size fractions was coarse particle>microaggregate>single powder>single cosmid;M treatment had a mineralization rate of 0.001 1-0.342 2 g/(kg·d),and cumulative mineralization of 3.65-3.94 g/kg.The fitting results showed that the long-term application of organic fertilizer increased the potential mineralizable carbon content of coarse particles and single cosmid,with a growth rate of 7.9%and 7.2%.Long-term application of organic fertilizer had an important effect on the mineralization of organic carbon with different particle sizes in dry land of yellow soil.The main reason was that with the prolongation of the culture time,the mineralization rate decreases rapidly,then slowly increases and decreases,and finally tends to be stable.The cumulative mineralization of soil organic carbon with different particle sizes increased with the prolongation of culture time,but the cumulative release intensity of organic carbon gradually decreased.

关 键 词：有机肥 长期施肥 黄壤旱地 不同粒径土壤 有机碳矿化 

分 类 号：S141[农业科学—肥料学]