基于GIS的垃圾填埋场渗滤液环境影响评价  

Environmental impact assessment of pollutants in landfills based on geographic information system

作　　者：赵卫东[1,2,3] 魏超 卫佳佳 姜琼 章浩南 ZHAO Wei-dong;WEI Chao;WEI Jia-jia;JIANG Qiong;ZHANG Hao-nan(School of Resource & Environmental Engineering,Hefei University of Technology,Hefei 230009,China;Intelligent Manufacturing Technology Institute,Hefei University of Technology,Hefei 230088,China;School of Civil and Hydraulic Engineering,Hefei University of Technology,Hefei 230009,China)

机构地区：[1]合肥工业大学资源与环境工程学院,合肥230009 [2]合肥工业大学智能制造技术研究院,合肥230088 [3]合肥工业大学土木与水利工程学院,合肥230009

出　　处：《安全与环境学报》2019年第4期1431-1438,共8页Journal of Safety and Environment

基　　金：国家自然科学重点基金项目(41831289);国家自然科学基金项目(41772250);安徽省自然科学基金项目(1508085MD62);虚拟地理环境教育部重点实验室开放基金项目(2012VGE04);安徽省国土资源科技项目(2012AHST0802)

摘　　要：以北京市某垃圾填埋场为研究对象,选择氨氮和硝酸盐氮为该垃圾填埋场的特征污染物,采用有限差分法对研究区浅层地下水中污染物迁移扩散规律进行数值模拟和预测,并利用GIS(Geographic Information System)的空间量测和分析等功能对污染物进行环境影响评价。结果表明,研究区的水质持续变差,氨氮和硝酸盐氮的污染区域逐步扩散为羽毛状,且主导扩散方向与地下水流向基本一致,预计到2020年氨氮和硝酸盐氮的污染羽分别会对2处和4处周边居民区的地下水水质造成影响。This paper takes a landfill in Fengtai District,Beijing,as the research sample,based on the collection,collationand analysis of the hydrogeology and water quality monitoring data so as to build up a conceptual model of hydrogeology and numerical simulation model of the water flow in the aquifers.Based on the comparison with the ideal groundwater flow simulation results,we have established a groundwater pollutant transport model.And,then,the concentration distribution of ammonia nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen in the groundwater in the area under study and its variation have been simulated and verified in terms of the time elapse.The testing and verification results can be said truthfully reflecting the pollutant transportation and migration regularities.To be exact,the environmental impact of the pollutants can be done in accordance with the actual status-in-situ of the groundwater pollution of the area under trace and observation and then can be predicted in the forthcoming year of 2020 via the validated model along with the functions of the spatial measurement and analysis of GIS.The results of our evalaution indicate that:(1)The water quality of the 8 monitoring points in the area under study is going on to get deteriorated,whereas the rate of the extremely poor water quality monitoring points tend to increase from 25%in 2008 to 62.5%as expected for the year of2020.At the same time,the areas with extremely poor and poor qualities tends to increase constantly and continuously,whilst the better quality ratio tends to be dropped;(2)The migration direction of the ammonia nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen plume pollutants proves to be consistent on the whole with the flowing direction of the groundwater from the northwest to the southeast,with its maximum lateral distance,with the maximum longitudinal distance and pollution tendency going on to increase.Therefore,the increasing rate may imply a trend of being fast and then turning to slow,with the diffusion rate of nitrate nitrogen being faster than that of the ammonia n

关 键 词：环境工程学 垃圾渗滤液 地下水 GIS 影响评价 水质模拟 

分 类 号：X523[环境科学与工程—环境工程]