水灾、海口与两淮产盐格局变迁  

Floods, Estuary and the Changes in Salt Production in Lianghuai Salt Fields

作　　者：徐靖捷[1] XU Jinjie

机构地区：[1]广东财经大学华南商业史研究中心、人文与传播学院社会学系

出　　处：《盐业史研究》2019年第3期52-62,共11页Salt Industry History Research

基　　金：四川省人文社会科学重点研究基地四川轻化工大学中国盐文化研究中心重点项目“盐政制度变革与明清东南沿海盐场地区经济变迁”(编号:YWHZ16-01);兰州大学中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助(项目编号:17LZUJBWZY050)的阶段性成果

摘　　要：明隆庆、万历以后,黄河引起的水害影响到里下河地区的盐城、兴化、泰州等地。关于洪水的宣泄问题,涉及到盐场海口的启闭,从而引起州县官员和盐务官员之间的纷争。一方面,州县连年内涝需要依靠海口排泄;另一方面,开启海口则给盐场带来淡水刷卤和运盐河浅涸的问题。万历年间,河道尚书主持了范公堤上水闸、涵洞的规划,兼顾了盐产和民生。自此,北边盐场有了淡水的进入,开垦成风,而南部的盐场则生产日旺。研究表明,在明代后期黄河水患的背景下,州县官与盐场官员的"共谋",确立了里下河向盐场泄水的孔道,继而改变了两淮盐业的生产格局。After 1550s, the floods of the Yellow River were causing catastrophic damages in Yancheng, Xinghua and Taizhou. In order to dredge the flood, officers of salt field and countries started a long debate to dig culverts on the seawall. On one hand, the countries desperately needs the culverts to drain the water. On the other hand, people in the salt fields refused the culverts as they could bring problems to the production of salt. In the years of Wanli, the officer of Yellow River designed the culverts on the Fangong seawall in Xinghua and Yancheng countries. From then on, the freshwater flood into the salt fields, bringing land reclamation into those salt fields, changing the salt production pattern in Lianghuai salt fields.

关 键 词：两淮盐场 海口 水灾 土地利用 

分 类 号：K248[历史地理—历史学]