去皮豆粕替代鱼粉对多鳞生长性能、肠道消化酶活性和肝脏免疫指标的影响  

Effects of Dehulled Soybean Meal Replacing Fish Meal on Growth Performance,Intestinal Digestive Enzyme Activities and Live Immune Indexes of Sillago sihama Forskal

作　　者：闫晓波 何昊伦 谭北平[1,2] 杜涛 迟淑艳[1,2] 杨奇慧[1,2] 杨原志 董晓慧[1,2] YAN Xiaobo;HE Haolun;TAN Beiping;DU Tao;CHI Shuyan;YANG Qihui;YANG Yuanzhi;DONG Xiaohui(Guangdong Ocean university College of Fisheries, Zhanjiang 524088, China;Aquatic Animals Precision Nutrition and High Efficiency Feed Engineering Research Center of Guangdong Province, Zhanjiang 524088, China)

机构地区：[1]广东海洋大学水产学院,湛江524088 [2]广东省水产动物精准营养与高效饲料工程技术研究中心,湛江524088

出　　处：《动物营养学报》2019年第9期4118-4130,共13页CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION

基　　金：渔港建设和渔业产业发展专项(A201608C06);湛江市财政资金科技专项竞争性分配项目(2016A3022);广东省省级科技计划项目(2015A020209170);现代农业产业技术体系专项资金资助(CARS-47)

摘　　要：本试验旨在探讨饲料中去皮豆粕(DSM)替代鱼粉对多鳞(Sillago sihama)幼鱼生长性能、肠道消化酶活性及肝脏免疫指标的影响。试验选取540尾平均体质量为(6.0±0.6) g的多鳞幼鱼,随机分为6组(DSM0、DSM8、DSM16、DSM24、DSM32、DSM40组),分别饲喂用0、8%、16%、24%、32%、40%去皮豆粕等量替代饲料中鱼粉的等氮等脂试验饲料,每组3重复,每个重复30尾鱼。养殖期8周。结果表明:1)随着去皮豆粕替代鱼粉水平的升高,多鳞幼鱼增重率、特定生长率呈先上升后下降的趋势,在DSM24组有最大值;饲料系数及肝体比则呈先下降后上升趋势,分别在DSM24及DSM16组有最小值;去皮豆粕替代水平不影响多鳞幼鱼成活率、肥满度(P>0.05)。2)除DSM24组外,去皮豆粕替代鱼粉显著降低了全鱼粗蛋白质和粗脂肪含量(P<0.05),而对全鱼粗灰分含量无显著影响(P>0.05)。3)随着去皮豆粕替代鱼粉水平的升高,肝脏超氧化物歧化酶、碱性磷酸酶和过氧化氢酶活性呈先升高后降低趋势,在替代水平为16%~24%时有最高值,DSM40组肝脏碱性磷酸酶活性显著低于DSM0组(P<0.05);肝脏丙二醛含量呈逐渐升高的趋势,当替代水平高于32%时,肝脏丙二醛含量显著高于DSM0组(P<0.05);肝脏谷草转氨酶、谷丙转氨酶活性呈平稳后上升趋势,在替代水平为0~32%时,这2种酶活性组间无显著差异(P>0.05),DSM40组肝脏谷草转氨酶活性显著高于其他各组(P<0.05)。4)去皮豆粕替代鱼粉水平不影响前、中、后肠脂肪酶、中肠蛋白酶活性(P> 0. 05);前肠淀粉酶活性呈先下降后上升趋势,中、后肠淀粉酶及前、后肠蛋白酶活性呈先上升后下降趋势;DSM 40组有最大的前肠淀粉酶活性,最小的中、后肠淀粉酶活性及最小的前、后肠蛋白酶活性,均显著高于DSM0组(P<0.05)。以增重率和特定生长率为评价指标,折线模型拟合得出多鳞幼鱼饲料中去皮豆粕替代鱼粉的适宜水平为29.This study was aimed to investigate the dietary dehulled soybean meal (DSM) replacing fish meal on growth performance, liver immune indexes and intestinal digestive enzyme activities of Sillago sihama. A total of 540 fish with an average body weight of (6.0±0.6) g were randomly divided into 6 groups (DSM0, DSM8, DSM16, DSM24, DSM32 and DSM40 groups) with 3 replicates per group and 30 fish per replicate, and fed isonitrogenous and isoenergetic test diets with 0, 8%, 16%, 24%, 32% and 40% DSM replacing fish meal, respectively. Breeding period was 8 weeks. The experimental results showed as follows:1) with the increase of the DSM replacement level, the weight gain rate and specific growth rate increased first and then decreased, and it had the maximum value in DSM24 group. Feed conversion ratio and hepatosomatic index decreased first and then increased, obtained minimum values in DSM24 and DSM16 groups, respectively. There were no significant differences in survival rate and condition factor (P>0.05). 2) Except DSM24 group, DSM replacing fish meal significantly decreased body crude protein and ether extract contents (P<0.05), but had no significant effect on ash content (P>0.05). 3) The activities of superoxide dismutase, alkaline phosphatase and catalase in liver increased first and then decreased with the increased of the levels of DSM replacing fish meal;there was a maximum at the replacement levels of 16% to 24%;the activity of alkaline phosphatase in DSM40 group was significantly lower than that in DSM0 group(P<0.05);the content of malondialdehyde in liver increased gradually, when the replacement level was higher than 32%, the content of malondialdehyde was significantly higher than that in DSM0 group(P<0.05);liver glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase and glutamic-pyruvic transaminase activities showed a steady and rising trend, when the replacement levels were 0 to 32%, there was no significant difference between groups (P>0.05),glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase activity in DSM40 group was significantly higher

关 键 词：去皮豆粕 多鳞 生长性能 免疫指标 消化酶活性 

分 类 号：S963[农业科学—水产养殖]