维基政治经济学初探  

A Preliminary Study on Wiki-politico-economics

作　　者：王觅泉 刘雪梅 WANG Miquan;LIU Xuemei(School of Marxism, China University of Political Science and Law, Beijing 100088, China)

机构地区：[1]中国政法大学马克思主义学院

出　　处：《山东科技大学学报（社会科学版）》2019年第5期30-36,共7页Journal of Shandong University of Science and Technology(Social Sciences)

基　　金：中国政法大学青年教师学术创新团队项目“德治与法治—社会治理思想研究”(18CXTD06)

摘　　要：“维基”(Wiki)指一种支持社群协作的超文本写作系统,维基百科是其典范。随着网络技术和观念的发展,工商业界许多组织管理上的创新也采纳维基模式,打破公司边界,同外部资源广泛协作,形成“维基经济学”。维基经济具有开放、对等、共享和全球运作的共同特征,但是不同主体为了不同目的采用维基模式,使得维基经济具有不同的政治经济学性质。以维基百科和自由开源软件为典型的劳动者自由联合式维基经济具有鲜明的共产主义特征,而各种资本主导的众包式维基经济则加重了资本对劳动的剥削。前者代表了互联网时代生产力发展方向,随着3D打印等技术的发展,这种共产主义生产方式有望从知识和信息产品生产领域扩展到物质产品生产领域,最终替代资本主义的地位。目前两种经济体还处于共存状态,替代过程仍需共产主义一方的理论自觉和实践努力。“Wiki” refers to a hypertext writing system that supports collaborative writing, a typical case of which is Wikipedia. With the development of Internet technologies and ideas, many innovations on organization and management in various industries have adopted the Wiki mode, thus breaking the company’s boundaries by extensive collaboration with external resources and forming the “Wikinomics”. The Wiki economy is based on four ideas: openness, peering, sharing, and acting globally. But different entities use the Wiki mode for different purposes, making the Wiki economy of different politico-economic nature. The free labor union Wiki economy, with typical examples as Wikipedia and free and open source software, has a distinctive communist character, while the capital-led crowdsourcing Wiki economy exacerbates labor exploitation. The former represents the development tendency of productivity in the Internet era. With the development of technologies, such as 3D printing, this communist production mode is expected to expand from the production of knowledge and information products to that of material products, eventually replacing capitalism. At present, the two economies are still coexisting, and the replacement still requires the theoretical awareness and practical efforts of the communists.

关 键 词：维基经济 自由开源软件 众包 共产主义 资本主义 

分 类 号：F0-0[经济管理—政治经济学] N031[自然科学总论—科学技术哲学]